Name
Vachellia farnesiana (Linnaeus) Wight & Arnott Prodr. fl. Ind. orient. 272. 1834. syn. Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd., Sp. pl. 4:1083. 1806.
Synonymy and types
Basionym: Mimosa farnesiana L., Sp. pl. 521. 1753. - Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd., Sp. pl. 4:1083. 1806. - Poponax farnesiana (L.) Raf., Sylva tellur. 118. 1838. - TYPE: Aldinus, Exactissima descriptio rariorum plantarum Romae in Horto Franesiano: 2-7, 1625, which provides, under the name Acacia Indica Farnesiana, a detailed description and two illustrations of a plant in cultivation in the garden of Cardinal Farnese in Rome [lectotype, designated by Ross (1975)].
Acacia pedunculata Willd., Sp. pl. 4:1084. 1806. - Mimosa pedunculata (Willd.) Poir. in Lam. Encycl. Suppl. 1:81. 1810. - Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. f. pedunculata (Willd.) Kuntze, Revis. gen. pl. 3(2):47. 1898. - TYPE: JAVA. (holotype: B-Willd.).
Acacia acicularis Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd., Enum. pl. 1056. 1809. - TYPE: in America meridionali (holotype: B-Willd.).
Acacia edulis Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd., Enum. pl. 1056. 1809. - TYPE: in America meridionali (holotype: B-Willd.).
Acacia ferox M. Martens & Galeotti, Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 10:314. 1843. - TYPE: MEXICO. OAXACA: se trouve abondamment dans les plaines d'Oaxaca, de Tlacolula et d'Etla, de 5,000 pieds, Fl. jaunes, H.Galeotti 3223 (holotype: BR; isotype: K). (Rudd 1976-1982).
Acacia lenticellata F. Muell., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3:147. 1859. - Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. var. lenticellata (F. Muell.) F. M. Bailey, Compr. Queensland Pl. 164. 1913. - TYPE: AUSTRALIA. NORTHERN TERRITORIES: McArthur River, F.Mueller 43 (Pedley 1979).
Acacia smallii Isely, Sida 3:384. 1969. - TYPE: UNITED STATES. LOUISIANA: Lafourche Parish, along Bayou La Fourche near Cut-off, 16 Apr 1931 and Aug 1931, J.K.Small & E.J.Alexander s.n. (holotype: NY; isotypes: US, WIS).
Farnesia odora Gasp., Descr. nuov. gen. Leg. 1836. -TYPE: none cited [lectotype, designated here, plate of Farnesia odora in Gasparrini (1836)]
Poponax venosa Britton in Britton and Killip, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 35:139. 1936. - TYPE: COLOMBIA. ANTIOQUIA: vicinity of Medellín, 20 Aug 1927, R.A.Toro 478 (holotype: NY).
Vachellia densiflora Alexander ex Small, Man. s. e. fl. 655, 1505. 1933. - Acacia densiflora (Alexander ex Small) Cory, Rhodora 38:406. 1936. - Acacia minuta (M. E. Jones) R. M. Beauch. subsp. densiflora (Alexander ex Small) R. M. Beauch., Phytologia 46:7. 1980. - TYPE: UNITED STATES. LOUISIANA: Lafourche Parish, along Bayou La Fourche near Cut-off, 16 Apr 1931 and Aug 1931, J.K.Small & E.J.Alexander s.n. (holotype: NY; isotypes: US, WIS).
Formal description
Large shrub to small tree 8 m tall. Bark dark gray to brown, furrowed. Twigs dark reddish brown to dark gray, slightly flexuous, usually glabrous. Short shoots commonly present above the stipular spines, to 10 mm long, covered with acuminate stipules and old leaf bases. Leaves alternate, also commonly clustered on the short shoots, 7-65 mm long.Stipular spines light to dark brown, usually becoming light gray with age, symmetrical, terete, straight, stout, to 35(55) x 1.5 mm near the base, mostly glabrous. Petiole adaxially grooved, 3-12(17) mm long, usually sparsely pubescent with erect hairs; petiolar gland solitary, usually located medially on the petiole, sessile to short stalked, circular to slightly elongated, 0.2-1.0 mm long, apex depressed, glabrous. Rachis adaxially grooved, 10-55 mm long, usually sparsely pubescent with erect hairs, a sessile, circular gland, 0.2-0.4 mm across, between the upper 1 to 2 pinna pairs. Pinnae 4 to 6 pairs per leaf, 16-33 mm long, 2-12(16) mm between pinna pairs. Petiolules 0.5-2.0 mm long. Leaflets 8 to 19 pairs per pinna, opposite, 0.5-2.0 mm between leaflets, oblong, 3.0-6.3 x 0.5-1.7 mm, mostly glabrous, lateral veins usually obvious, only one vein from the base, base oblique, margins usually not ciliate, apex broadly acute to obtuse. Inflorescence a densely flowered globose head, 6-10 mm across, solitary or in clusters of 2 to 5 on the short shoots. Peduncles 12-36(45) x 0.2-0.7 mm, lightly puberulent. Involucre 4- to 5-lobed, located at the base of the globose head, glabrous to lightly puberulent, persistent. Floral bracts spatulate, 0.8-1.3 mm long, apex puberulent, deciduous. Flowers sessile, bright yellow; calyx 5-lobed, 1.1-1.8 mm long, glabrous or nearly so; corolla 5-lobed, 1.9-2.8 mm long, glabrous or nearly so; stamen filaments 3.5-5.5 mm long, distinct; ovary glabrous to puberulent, on a stipe to 0.2 mm long. Legumes dark brown to black, straight to slightly curved, nearly terete in cross section, not constricted between the seeds, oblong, 30-90 x 9-18 mm, coriaceous, reticulately striate, glabrous, eglandular, indehiscent; stipe to 7 mm long; apex obtuse to acuminate, sometimes beaked. Seeds mostly biseriate, imbedded in a sweet pulp, olive green to dark brown, ovoid to ellipsoid, slightly flattened, 4.2-8.0 x 3.5-5.8 mm, smooth; pleurogram U-shaped to oval, 2.5-4.5 mm across. Flowers intermittently throughout the year. Chromosome number: 2n = 26 (Ghimpu 1929a, 1929b)
Distribution
On relatively moist to seasonally dry sites in thickets, open pastures, successional fields and other disturbed sites from sea level to about 1500 m (Bush and Van Auken 1995). It has a pantropical distribution, but was probably introduced in the Old World (Isely 1969). In the New World it occurs from the southern United States in southern Arizona, Texas and Florida south through the Bahamas and the West Indies, Mexico and Central America to Argentina in South America (Clarke et al. 1989).
Additional info
Vachellia farnesiana var. farnesiana is found in relatively dry, disturbed habitats throughout much of the tropical and subtropical region of the New World where it is common as an early successional species (Bush and Van Auken 1995). It is relatively variable in its characteristics, ranging from a small shrub to a tree 8 m tall, commonly nearly glabrous to lightly pubescent throughout, but occasionally, individuals are relatively densely pubescent, particularly on the leaf rachis and leaflets. The leaves, leaflets, and petioles of this species vary greatly in size. Throughout most of its range this taxon has leaves with 1-4(5) pinnae pairs, while many individuals from central South America have leaves with 5-7 pinnae pairs. Leaflet size is also highly variable. Most specimens have leaflets that are less than 6 mm long, but some specimens, particularly those from Brazil and Ecuador, the leaflets are up to 7.5 mm long and nearly 2 mm wide. Many specimens from Sonora, Mexico have leaflets that are pubescent beneath.
Acacia smallii, considered specifically distinct from Vachellia farnesiana by Isely (1990), represents some of the variation displayed by V. farnesiana var farnesiana. This taxon is known from the Florida panhandle to western Texas, sporadically to southern California and Mexico, and is extremely common in southern Texas. Acacia smallii usually has been distinguished from V. farnesiana by having leaflets that are mostly less than 4 mm long that lack obvious secondary venation (Isely 1969, 1973, 1990). These characteristics are highly variable; individuals with large leaflets, but lacking secondary venation are sometimes encountered, as are plants with small leaflets with secondary venation. Though there is a tendency for these characters to occur together, the distinction between these taxa breaks down in northern Mexico. Also the authors have found individuals in which slow growing branches have leaves with small leaflets that lack secondary venation, while on more rapidly growing branches, larger leaflets have obvious secondary venation. Due to the lack of consistent characters this entity is included in synonymy.
Vachellia farnesiana var. farnesiana has been reported from most countries of South America. During the present study, only a few specimens were recorded from southern South America, the taxon becoming very common to the north in Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Columbia and Venezuela. Reports of this taxon from southern South America mostly are based on specimens of V. caven or V. astringens. Vachellia farnesiana is easily separated from these two taxa as it generally has larger leaflets with obvious veins and longer pedicels than found in V. caven, while the inflated fruit with the seeds in two or more rows separates it from V. astringens. Also, the doughnut-shaped gland between the lower most pinna pair in V. astringens is not found in V. farnesiana, which has a small gland on the middle third of the petiole.
Vachellia farnesiana var. farnesiana also had been confused with V. albicoricata, V. insulae-iacobi and V. tortuosa. The smaller leaflets that usually exceed 11 pairs per pinnae, and the closely spaced leaflets on the pinnae separates this species from the two former species, while the shorter, glabrous, inflated fruits in which the seeds are in several rows, separate this species from V. tortuosa, which has fruit with constrictions between the single row of seeds.
Seigler et al. (1979) found that the major cyanogenic glycosides of Vachellia farnesiana are linamarin and lotaustralin, and that the amount of cyanide produced by plants within a population varies from below the level of detection to approximately 5 umol per g of dried plant material. More recently, Clarke et al. (1989) reported that of the numerous Central American specimens of V. farnesiana tested for cyanide, 89% gave a positive test. Although most tests were weak, a few were strongly positive. Of the more than 150 specimens examined from South America, only 45% tested positive, with over half being weakly positive.
This species is commonly cultivated in southern Europe for a perfume that is made from the fragrant flowers. It southern Europe and parts of Africa it is abundant on dry, disturbed sites, and has become a serious pest.
Flowering time:
Intermittently throughout the year.
Representative specimens
UNITED STATES:
Alabama:
Mobile Co.:
- sandy Mobile docks area, just N of N boundary of old Air Force Base, 15 Aug 1973, R.Kral 51348 (MO);
Arizona:
Maricopa Co.:
- Tonto National Forest, Superstition Wilderness Area, Tortilla Trailhead, 30 Jun 1992, K.C.Rice & G.J.Imdorf 1345 (ASU);
Pima Co.:
- Plant Introduction Center, University of Arizona Campus, Tuscon, Nov 1915, J.J.Thornber 7034 (MO); (cult.)
Pinal Co.:
- along roadway, Washington Street, between Tempe and Phoenix, 13 Mar 1960, F.S.Crosswhite 351 (WIS);
Yuma Co.:
- Yuma, 1911, A.Beard s.n. (MO);
Arkansas:
Pulaski Co.:
- open ground, valley of Arkansas River near Little Rock, 2 Nov 1925, E.J.Palmer 29600 (MO); (persistent after cultivation)
Florida:
Alachua Co.:
- Gainesville, 30 Apr 1936, H.H.Hume s.n. (FLAS);
Brevard Co.:
- Cocoa, 21 Oct 1936, S.Roads s.n. (FLAS);
- Weedy area on S side of Canal, W of Magnolia Ave., Melbourne, 5 Dec 1977, K.D.Perkins 518 (FLAS);
Citrus Co.:
- edge of Beaverdam Road, W side of Ozello, 7 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27030 (EIU);
- edge of route 494 on E edge of Ozello, 7 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27031 (EIU);
- across from fire station, Ozello, 7 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27032 (EIU);
Collier Co.:
- Big Cypress, about 6 miles W of Miles City, 12 Feb 1946, L.J.Brass 15946 (US);
- Chokoloskee Island, 11 Feb 1982, D.S.Correll 53230 (FTG);
- Across from Everglade National Park Boat Ramp, route 29, 16-18 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27074 (EIU);
- Chokoloskee Island, 16 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27077 (EIU);
- Chokoloskee Bay, 6 Oct 1965, O.Lakela 29232 (FLAS);
- Chokoloskee Bay, 22 May 1966, O.Lakela 29816 (FSU);
- Chokoloskee Island, 4 miles S of Everglades City, 25 Nov 1966, D.B.Ward 6022 (FLAS, FSU);
Dade Co.:
- vacant lots, Homestead, 31 Jan 1959, R.K.Godfrey 58100 (FSU);
- in pinelands near homestead road, between Cutler and Longview Camp, 9-12 Nov 1903, J.K.Small & J.J.Carter s.n. (F);
Escambia Co.:
- E shore of Perdido Bay on hwy. 125, 4 miles E of Lillian, 10 Jul 1941, R.Brinker 255 (MO);
- in sandy infertile soil close to water's edge, near waterfront park, S. Baylen St., Pensacola, 2 May 1975, J.R.Burkhalter 2261 (FLAS);
- S Baylen St. Park, near waterfront of Pensacola Bay, near W end of park, Pensacola, 17 Apr 1983, J.R.Burkhalter 8675 (FSU);
- waste ground, Pensacola, 6 Aug 1901, A.H.Curtis 6861 (ILL, MINN, MO, US);
- Fort Pickens, 18 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27107 (EIU);
- Fort Pickens, Gulf Islands National Seashore, 23 Apr 1983, R.K.Godfrey 80489 (FSU, FLAS, FTG);
- Ft. Pickens, Gulf Islands National Seashore, 24 Jun 1983, R.K.Godfrey 80733 (FLAS, FSU, FTG);
- weedy vacant lot, at W. St. and Buddy's Lane, SW of Cervantes St., Pensacola, 25 Jun 1983, R.K.Godfrey & J.R.Burkhalter 80741 (FSU);
- Ft. Pickens, E.Pleas s.n. (MINN);
- Pensacola, 30 Apr 1903, S.M.Tracy 8691 (F, MINN, MO, US, WIS);
- S end of Baylen St., adjacent to Pensacola Bay, Pensacola, 24 Jun 1975, D.B.Ward & J.R.Burkhalter 8970 (FLAS, FSU);
- Santa Rosa Island, 14 Jun 1980, G.Wilhelm 7438 (MOR);
Franklin Co.:
- St. Vincent Island, SE sector of island, 25 Jul 1985, L.C.Anderson 8584 (FSU);
- St. Vincent Island, SE sector of island, 4 Dec 1986, L.C.Anderson 10205 (FLAS, FSU, MO);
- St. Vincent Island, SE sector of island, 29 Jan 1987, L.C.Anderson 10287 (FSU);
- St. Vincent Island, National Wildlife Refuge, 2 Apr 1987, L.C.Anderson 10329 (FSU);
Hendry Co.:
- Caloosahatchee River bottom, 3 miles W of LaBelle, 16 Dec 1975, L.Baltzell 7971 (FLAS);
Highland Co.:
- Avon Park Mall, 16 Nov 1934, J.B.McFarlin 9760 (FLAS);
Hillsborough Co.:
- 508 Edison, Tampa, 8 Feb 1972, D.Burch 6426 (MO);
- (cult.) 4600 Swann Ave, Tampa, 19 Feb 1972, D.Burch 6352 (MO);
- (cult.) Tampa, Mar 1890, W.M.Canby s.n. (MINN);
Lee Co.:
- Sanibel Island, cultivated, 16 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27073 (EIU);
Manatee Co.:
- Bradentown, 4 Jun 1919, A.Cuthbert s.n. (FLAS);
Marion Co.:
- roadside, McIntosh, 27 Nov 1927, G.F.Weber s.n. (FLAS);
Monroe Co.:
- Big Pine Key, 28 Jan 1966, G.Avery s.n. (FLAS);
- Flamingo Canal, Everglades National Park, 29 Dec 1973, D.S.Correll & R.W.Long 40967-D (FTG);
- Big Pine Key, 28 Apr 1967, F.C.Craighead & P.B.Tomlinson s.n. (FTG);
- Key West, A.H.Curtiss 716 (CM, F, NY);
- Cudjoe Key, 18 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27101 (EIU);
- Key Largo, edge of U.S. route 1, 17 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27090 (EIU);
- Lower Matecumbe Key, 17 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27091 (EIU);
- Cudjoe Key, edge of U.S. route 1, 18 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27102 (EIU);
- Summerland Key, edge of U.S. route 1, 18 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27104 (EIU);
- Key West, 17 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27094 (EIU);
- Middle Tourch Key, 31 Dec 1972, K.A.Fanning 246 (FTG);
- Cudjoe Key, 16 Sept 1972, R.K.Godfrey 72156 (FSU);
- Flamingo, 17 Apr 1964, R.K.Godfrey, D.B.Ward & D.Burch 63392 (FSU);
- Big Pine Key, 22 Nov 1972, W.T.Gillis 11526A (FTG);
- Big Pine Key, NW hammock, 25 Mar-7 Apr 1950, E.P.Killip & J.R.Swallen 40329 (F, CAS);
- Key West, 28 Mar 1904, O.E.Lansing,Jr. 196b (F);
- Key West, 28 Mar 1904, O.E.Lansing,Jr. 2053 (F);
- Key West, 1874, E.Palmer 1874 (MO);
- Key West, 9 Mar 1898, C.L.Pollard, G.N.Collins & E.L.Morris 5 (F, MINN);
- Boca Chica Key, 18 Mar 1898, C.L.Pollard, G.N.Collins & E.L.Morris 107 (F, MINN);
- North Key Largo, Rock Harbour, 95 mile marker, 22 Feb 1981, R.P.Sauleda & D.K.Sauleda 4639 (FTG);
- Big Pine Key, 22 Jan 1940, L.E.Scull s.n. (FLAS);
- Key West, 3 Feb 1940, R.J.Seibert 1228 (MO);
- Isla Morada Key, 24 Apr 1979, D.S.Seigler & A.MacArthur 11074 (ILL);
- Key West, 9 Mar 1903, J.A.Shafer s.n. (CM);
- Key West, 16 Dec 1913, J.K.Small & G.K.Small 4945 (NY);
- Big Pine Key, Watson's Hammock, 23 Aug 1954, W.L.Stern 139 (ILL);
- Big Pine Key, 26-31 Dec 1961, W.L.Stern 1509 (ILL);
- Upper Matecumbe Key, 20 Jan 1979, J.A.Trick s.n. (WIS);
- Flamingo, Everglades National Park, 17 Apr 1964, D.B.Ward & R.K.Godfrey 3903 (FLAS);
- Key West, 15 Dec 1937, E.West s.n. (FLAS);
- Summerland Key, 28 Oct 1981, R.Zerba s.n. (FLAS);
Nassau Co.:
- Fernandina, 11 Feb 1890, no collector (MO);
Pinellas Co.:
- Phillippe Park, 6 Nov 1954, H.N.Mezinga s.n. (CM);
Polk Co.:
Auburndale, 25 May 1931, J.B.McFarlin 5487 (FLAS); (naturalized)
Seminole Co.:
- my home, 10 Jan 1965, P.O.Schallert 14177 (CAS);
Volusia Co.:
- New Smyrna Beach, adventive in foundation holes of Sheldon House ruins, 2 Apr 1966, D.B.Ward 5542 (FLAS);
Georgia:
Camden Co.:
- Hammocks, St. Marys, 2 Dec 1920, J.K.Samll & J.B.deWinkeler 9688 (FLAS);
Liberty Co.:
- St. Catherines Island, south end, 23 Aug 1983, S.B.Jones 23904 (CM, MOR);
McIntosh Co.:
- Darien, 16 Jun 1909, H.H.Smith 2275 (F, WIS);
Louisiana:
Calcasieu Parish:
- 7 miles S of Sulphur, 19 Jul 1938, D.S.Correll & H.B.Correll 9623 (F);
Cameron Parish:
- along La 27/La 82, 9.5 miles E of Holly Beach, at ferry landing on the west bank of Calcasieu Pass, opposite Cameron, 14 Jun 1986, A.W.Lievens, E.M.Harris & .M.Gregory, Jr. 1295 (FLAS);
Orleans Parish:
- New Orleans, Hale s.n. (MO)
St. Charles Parish:
- land fill on hwy. 90, 20 Jun 1979, E.Sundell 2147 (FLAS);
St. Landry Parish:
- fencerow, about 1 mile N of Melville, 4 Jun 1968, J.W.Thieret 29011 (FLAS);
St. Tammany Parish:
- beside Lake Ponchartrain at The Rigolets, 1 Nov 1980, R.D.Thomas 74738 (F);
Vermilion Parish:
- Pecan Island, 8 Jun 1989, C.Slaughter 647 (MOR);
Mississippi:
Hancock Co.:
- sandy fill along sea wall, SW of Clermont Harbor, 16 Sep 1970, S.B.Jones 20360 (FLAS);
Harrison Co.:
- Biloxi, edge of route 90, 20 Jul 1996, J.E.Ebinger 27108 (EIU);
South Carolina:
Charleston Co.:
- Charleston, Jul 1865, J.T.Stewart s.n. (F);
Texas:
Bexar Co.:
- San Antonio, 25 Jun 1911, J.Clemens 711 & 712 (MO);
- Hills in San Antonio, 4 Apr 1901, H.Eggert s.n. (MO);
Brazoria Co.:
- golf course of Texas A&M Univ., 21 Apr 1983, J.Kessler 6923 (MO, WIS);
- E bank of Brazos River course near Freeport, alt. 7 m, 18 Apr 1960, A.Traverse 1432 (F);
Brewster Co.:
- tree along flood plains, Big Bend National Park, 23 Mar 1958, B.H.Warnock & M.Johnston 16090 (MO);
Cameron Co.:
- along Rio Grand, Brownsville, 16 Jan 1919, H.C.Hanson s.n. (MO, WIS);
- vacant lot, Brownsville, 7 Mar 1993, W.C.Holmes & L.Yip 6392 (F);
- vicinity of Santa Maria, 11 Apr 1969, D.Isley 10701 (US);
Comal Co.:
- r.r. right of way, Hunter, 27 Mar 1937, H.C.Cutler 896 (MO);
- S edge of New Braunfels, 15 Sep 1979, D.S.Seigler & D.A.Young 11380 (ILL);
Ft. Bend Co.:
- 1/2 mile SW of Beasley, 11 Jun 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11637 (ILL);
Galveston Co.:
- Galveston, 26 Mar 1928, H.C.Benke 4590 (F);
Grimes Co.:
- 1 mile N of Anderson, 4 Apr 1955, L.H.Shinners 19466 (WIS);
Harris Co.:
- wet prairie, Houston, 1872, E.Hall 182 (F, MO);
- prairies, Houston, 25 Apr 1899, B.F.Bush 218 (MO);
- Houston, 26 Jul 1915, G.L.Fisher s.n. (WIS);
Hidalgo Co.:
- international bridge, 7 Sep 1970, S.I.Apfelbaum 30 (ILL);
- 1/2 mi. N of Edinburg, 1-5 Apr 1921, R.S.Ferris & C.D.Duncan 3075 (MO);
- 10 miles W of Mc Allen, alt. 100 ft., 19 Mar 1976, B.Hansen, J.Hansen, T.S.Cochrane, B.A.Cochrane & C.S.Keller 3767 (WIS);
- sandy uplands 3 miles N of Edinburgh, 29 Feb 1944, J.T.Painter & F.A.Barkley 14446 (ILL, WIS);
- Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, 14 Apr 1977, J.C.Solomon 2698 (MO);
Jefferson Co.:
- about 6 mi. S of Port Arthur, 18 Apr 1993, N.C.Henderson 93-88 (MO);
Jim Hogg Co.:
- 4 miles E of intersection of farm road 649 & hwy. 16, 20 May 1983, D.Seigler, J.Kramer & E.Carreira 11947 (ILL);
Kinney Co.:
- Fort Clark, 15 Jun 1893, E.A.Mearns 1299 (MO);
Lavaca Co.:
- 7 Apr 1939, B.C.Tharp s.n. (F);
Lee Co.:
- 12 miles SW of Caldwell, 23 May 1976, D.S.Seigler, S.G.Saupe & H.Welt 10060 (ILL);
Maverick Co.:
- 30 miles E of Del Río on hwy. 277, 21 May 1976, D.S.Seigler, S.G.Saupe & H.Welt 9984 (ILL);
- 1 mile W of Eagle Pass, 16 Sep 1979, D.S.Seigler & D.A.Young 11408 (ILL);
McMullen Co.:
- 2 miles N of Tilden on hwy. 16, 20 May 1983, D.Seigler, J.Kramer & E.Carreira 11934 (ILL);
Nueces Co.:
- Corpus Christi, 14-21 Mar 1894, A.A.Heller 1454 (F, MO, US);
- 8 miles N of Robstown, Jan 1953, H.Nogle 2 (F);
Real Co.:
- directly W of Eagle Cliff and the E prong of the Nueces River, 25 Jul 1974, J.Smith & M.Butterwick 291 (LL);
San Patricio Co.:
- Rob & Bessie Welder Wildlife Refuge, ca 7 mi. N of Sinton, 31 Jul 1981, S.L.Hatch 4446 (MO, WIS);
- 1 mile N of Sinton on US 77, 10 Jun 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11636 (ILL);
Travis Co.:
- Red River Boulevard, near 19th Street, Austin, escaped from cultivation, 26 Mar 1956, W.L.McCart 5539 (ILL);
Val Verde Co.:
- Del Rio, 24 Mar 1975, D.Seigler & T.Lockwood 8981 (ILL);
- highway near Cemsteck, 3 Apr 1953, B.H.Warnock 11297 (WIS);
Victoria Co.:
- Victoria, 7 Jul 1915, J.A.Drashal s.n. (MO);
Webb Co.:
- Laredo, Apr 1913, C.R.Orcutt 5764 (MO);
- sands, Laredo, 20 Mar 1903, J.Reverchon 3736 (MO);
- 7 miles N of jct of US 83 & I-35 on US 83, 20 May 1983, D.Seigler, J.Kramer & E.Carreira 11959 (ILL);
- 30 miles S of Catarina on US 83, 22 May 1976, D.S.Seigler, S.G.Saupe & H.Welt 10016 (ILL);
Wharton Co.:
- Prairies, Wharton, 10 Mar 1914, E.J.Palmer 4904 (MO);
Wilson Co.:
- 5 miles E of Stockdale, 13 Mar 1971, J.L.Carter & W.R.LaForce s.n. (MO);
Zapata Co.:
- Best Western Motel, Zapata, 7 Mar 1987, N.Podrasky s.n. (MOR);
WEST INDIES AND BAHAMA ISLANDS:
ARUBA:
- 1 km NW of Oranjestad, 9 Aug 1993, J.E.Ebinger 25873 (EIU);
BAHAMA ISLANDS:
Cat Island:
- edge of coppice in vicinity of Old Bight, 19 Nov 1975, D.S.Correll 46088 (F, FTG);
- 1/4 mile south of Bennets Harbor, 14 May 1968, R.Byrne 475 (FTG, WIS);
Crooked Island:
- about 1 mile W of Thompson's Creek, 20 Feb 1975, D.S.Correll 4442 (FTG);
Eleuthera:
- Miller's and vicinity, 23 Feb 1907, N.L.Britton & C.F.Millspaugh 5598 (F);
Exuma:
- Great Exuma, N edge of Moss Town, 10 Dec 1973, D.S.Correll 40882 (FTG);
- Great Exuma, about lake in Flamingo Bay area, 13 Jan 1975, D.S.Correll 44141 (FTG);
- Great Exuma, on road from Moss Town to Forrest, 16 Dec 1976, D.S.Correll & H.B.Correll 47959 (FTG);
- Little Exuma, about Williams Town, 27 Jun 1974, D.S.Correll & H.B.Correll 42479 (FTG);
- Little Exuma, in coppice hills just NW of Williams Town, 8 Jan 1975, D.S.Correll 44049 (F, FTG);
- Hummingbird Cay, 6 Apr 1968, N.H.Nickerson & B.Kessler 2799 (FTG);
- Hummingbird Cay, 16 Jan 1969, N.H.Nickerson & J.Semple 2983 (FTG);
- Bowe Key, 19 Jan 1969, N.H.Nickerson & J.Semple 2990 (FTG, MO);
Harbour Island:
- Dunmore Town, 29 Dec 1969, W.H.Lewis 7500 (FTG, MO);
Long Island:
- south edge of Mortimers, 27 Aprl 1975, D.S.Correll 44956 (FTG);
- Clarence Town, 16 Jun 1974, S.R.Hill 2163 (FTG);
New Providence Island:
- Mt. Vernon, 16 Sep 1904, N.L.Britton & L.J.K.Brace 828 (F);
- near Nassau, 6 Mar 1903, A.H.Curtiss 107 (F, TEX);
- east end of island along Yamacraw road, 2 Jan 1969, W.T.Gillis 7470 (FTG);
- Nassau, 9 Jan 1890, J.I.Northrop & A.R.Northrop 44 (F);
North Eleuthera:
- on open hills above town, Harbor Island, 13 Jan 1974, D.S.Correll 41228 (FTG);
Rum Cay:
- N edge of Port Nelson, 17 Feb 1976, D.S.Correll & D.C.Wasshausen 46830 (F, FTG, MO);
San Salvador Island:
- near Barker's Point, 26 Nov 1975, Bailey, Breitbarth, Goussis, Johnson & Romansky 24 (FTG);
- 1 km N of Little Lake, Feb 1973, Brooks, Calkins, Holway, Van Eenwyk & Zemann 5-83a (FLAS);
- along main road in North Victoria Hills, Feb 1973, Booth, Chichester, Darlington, Hanley & Lammert 5-117 (FLAS);
- between Bonefish Point and Rocky Point, 2 Jan 1970, W.T.Gillis 8804 (FTG);
CUBA:
Prov. Camaguey:
- 10 miles S of Nuevitas, 3 Feb 1953, J.W.Thieret s.n. (F);
Prov. Habana:
- Old field near Managua, 14 Oct 1904, H.A. van Hermann 205 (CAS, F, ILL, PH);
- Habana, 3 Nov 1864, A.Schott 118 (F);
Prov. Pinar del Rio:
- Palm barrens W of Guane, 21-22 Nov 1911, J.A.Shafer 10394 (F);
Prov. Santa Clare:
- NW of Soledad, 13 Jul 1936, L.B.Smith & A.R.Hodgdon 3120 (F, MO);
- swamps W of Santiago de Las Vegas, 15-20 Mar 1906, A.S.Hitchcok s.n. (F);
CURACAO:
- Waabi, 17 Feb 1917, H.M.Curran & M.Haman 32 (US);
- Fort Nassau, Schottegat Bay, Willemstad, 1939, F.H.Elmore W2 (F);
DOMINICA REPUBLIC:
- Prov. San Cristóbal, 10 km W of Caminita Garabito on road to Cole, alt. 400 m, 16 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke & R.Garcia 40 (EIU, ILL);
- Santo Domingo, Peninsula de Lamana, 22 Jun 1930, E.l.Ekman 15383 (F);
- Catalina Island, 2 Jul 1972, A.H.Liogier 18675 (F);
- Prov. San Cristóbal, 10 km al E de Caminita Garabito, alt. 220 m, 26 Jun 1984, M.Mejia, J.Pimentel & R.García 870 (FTG);
- Prov. y Peninsula de Samana, 7 km al E de Samana en la carretera a Los Cacaos y Las Galeras, 18 Jul 1984, T.Zanoni, J.Pimentel & R.García 31195 (FTG);
GRENADA:
- St. George's, 11 Nov 1904, W.E.Broadway s.n. (MO);
- 10 km S of St. George's, 12 Apr 1958, J.D.Sauer 2235 (WIS);
JAMAICA:
- vicinity of Hunts Bay, 22 Feb 1920, W.R.Maxon & E.P.Killip 329 (F);
- St. Thomas Parish, near Holland Bay, 16 Feb 1980, G.R. Proctor 38585 (FTG);
- Port Royal Cays;
- Lime Cay, 18 Oct 1985, D.R.Stoddart & S.M.Head 9045 (US);
- Lititz, Apr 1847, J.Wolle s.n. (CM);
MARTINIQUE:
- Carbet valley, Commune de Carbet, Apr 1963, C.Kimber 1218 (WIS);
- 1 km W of le Diamant, alt. 20 m, Apr 1963, C.Kimber 1348 (WIS);
- 2 km S and E of road crossing of the Paquemar River, Jun 1963, C.Kimber 1472 (WIS);
MONTSERRAT:
- 16 Feb 1907, J.A.Shafer 428 (F);
- 7 Feb 1907, J.A.Shafer 573 (F);
PUERTO RICO:
- beach at Arroyo, 2 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 3 (EIU, ILL);
- 2 miles N of intersection of hwy. 52 and hwy. 153 on hwy. 153, alt. 130 m, 2 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 3 (EIU, ILL);
- 2 miles N of intersection of hwy. 52 and hwy. 153 on hwy. 153, alt. 130 m, 2 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 4 (EIU, ILL);
- 1 mile W of intersection of hwy. 153 and hwy. 546 on hwy. 546, alt. 80 m, 2 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 5 (EIU, ILL);
- 1 mile W of intersection of hwy. 153 and hwy. 546 on hwy. 546, alt. 80 m, 2 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 7 (EIU, ILL);
- beach at Playa Santa Isabel, 2 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 8 (EIU, ILL);
- beach at Playa Santa Isabel, 2 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 9 (EIU, ILL);
- beach at Playa Santa Isabel, 2 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 10 (EIU, ILL);
- 2 miles N of Coamo on hwy. 14, 2 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 11 (EIU, ILL);
- 2 miles N of Coamo on hwy. 14, 2 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 12 (EIU, ILL);
- 2 miles N of Coamo on hwy. 14, 2 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 13 (EIU, ILL);
- 1.5 miles N of Guanica on hwy. 116, 6 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 15 (EIU, ILL);
- 1.5 miles N of intersection on hwy. 128 and hwy. 2 on hwy. 128, 6 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 16 (EIU, ILL);
- 1.5 miles N of intersection on hwy. 128 and hwy. 2 on hwy. 128, 6 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 17 (EIU, ILL);
- 1.5 miles N of intersection on hwy. 128 and hwy. 2 on hwy. 128, 6 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 18 (EIU, ILL);
- 2 miles N of Yauco on hwy. 128, alt. 110 m, 6 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 19 (EIU, ILL);
- 2 miles N of Yauco on hwy. 128, alt. 110 m, 6 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 20 (EIU, ILL);
- 2 miles N of Yauco on hwy. 128, alt. 110 m, 6 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 21 (EIU, ILL);
- intersection of hwy. 117 and hwy. 2, 2 miles E of Sabana Grande, alt. 50 m, 7 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 24 (EIU, ILL);
- intersection of hwy. 117. and hwy. 2, 2 miles E of Sabana Grande, alt. 50 m, 7 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 25 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 305, 1 mile W of intersection with hwy. 116, 22 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke, D.Nickrent & P.Clarke 62 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 305, 1 mile W of intersection with hwy. 116, 22 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 63 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 305, 1 mile W of intersection with hwy. 116, 22 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 64 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 103, 1/2 mile N of intersection with hwy. 101, 22 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 65 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 103, 1/2 mile N of intersection with hwy. 101, 22 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 66 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 103, 1/2 mile N of intersection with hwy. 101, 22 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 67 (EIU, ILL);
- 1 mile N of Puerto Real in hwy. 308, 22 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 68 (EIU, ILL);
- 1 mile N of Puerto Real in hwy. 308, 22 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 69 (EIU, ILL);
- 2 miles N of Puerto Real on hwy. 308, 24 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 70 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 116, 1/4 miles N of intersection with hwy. 117, 24 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 71 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 116, 1/4 miles N of intersection with hwy. 117, 24 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 72 (EIU, ILL);
- 1/2 miles E of Lajad Arriba on hwy. 117, 24 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 73 (EIU, ILL);
- 1/2 miles E of Lajad Arriba on hwy. 117, 24 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 74 (EIU, ILL);
- 2 miles E of Lajad Arriba on hwy. 117, 24 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 75 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 118, 2 miles S of intersection with hwy. 102, 24 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 75 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 118, 2 miles S of intersection with hwy. 102, 24 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 77 (EIU, ILL);
- 2 miles N of Fajardo on hwy. 987, 25 Jul 1988, H.D.Clarke 80 (EIU, ILL);
- 1899, A.A.Heller 506 (F);
- Guánica State Forest, along hwy. 333 SE of Guánica, 4 Apr 1985, T.B.Croat 60984 (ILL);
- Cabo Rojo, Boquerón, Refugio de Aves de Boquerón, 18 Sep 1982, J.Hernández 12 (FLAS);
- Guayanilla, 2 Feb 1938, J.I.Otero & R.A.López 463 (F);
- Santa Rita, 8 Sep 1914, J.A.Stevenson 2245 (F, MINN);
- Yabacoa Lighthouse, 10 Aug 1966, R.J.Wagner 1027 (WIS);
TABAGO:
- near Scarborough, 6 Oct 1909, W.E.Broadway 3054 (MO);
- Buccoo Bay, 20 Apr 1939, F.H.Elmore V14 (F);
TRINIDAD:
- near Tabaquite, 14 Sep 1918, W.E.Broadway s.n. (US);
TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS:
GRAND TURK:
- Coppice, 27 Aug-1 Sep 1905, G.V.Nash & N.Taylor 3774 (F);
VIRGIN ISLANDS (U. S.):
ST. CROIX:
- south shore, 17 Jan 1896, A.E.Rickecker 234 (MO);
ST. THOMAS:
- Charlotte Amalia, 17-18 Jan 1899, C.F.Millspaugh 480 (F);
CENTRAL AMERICA:
BELIZE:
- Corozal District, P.H.Gentle 588 (F);
- Corozal District, P.H.Gentle 642 (F);
- Maskall, 20 May 1934, P.H.Gentle 1317 (MO);
- San Antonio, alt. 400 ft., 20 Nov 1933, W.A.Schipp 8-599 (F);
- Belize District, 9 Mar 1933, C.L.Lundell 1868 (F);
- Toledo District, 25 Jan 1929, N.S.Stevenson 89 (F);
- Columbia, 15 Mar 1929, N.S.Stevenson 100 (F);
COSTA RICA:
- Palmar Sur de Osa, 29 Jan 1951, P.H.Allen 5806 (F);
- hills near Palmar Sur, 8 Jan 1953, P.H.Allen 6699 (F);
- Guanacaste Prov., Comelco, alt. 50-100 m, 23 Apr 1970, K.S.Bawa 231 (MO);
- the Raphael Lucas Rodriguez National Wildlife Refuge, Palo Verde, alt. 10-100m, 29-31 Jan 1982, W.Burger, K.Barringer & J.Gomez L. 11395 (F);
- Parque Nacional Palo Verde, alt. 20 m, 5 Dec 1991, U.Chavarría 428 (F, MO);
- Parque Nacional Palo Verde, alt. 0-10 m, 8 Dec 1991, U.Chavarría 441 (F);
- vicinity of Cañas, 11 Nov 1969, R.Daubenmire 262 (F);
- 28 km N of Cañas, 26 Sep 1969, G.W.Frankie 275 (F, MO);
- Guanacaste Prov., Finca La Pacifica, 5 Jun 1971, A.Gentry 801 (MO);
- Puntarenas Prov., Villa Nueva, alt. 200 m, 18 Jan 1992, J.P.Hunter 1024 (WIS);
- Hacienda Pocosol, Faldas del Volcán Orosi, alt. 500 m, 16 Dec 1966, O.Jímenez s.n. (F);
- Santa Rosa National Park, alt. 200-300 m, 23 Jan 1978, R.Liesner 4441 (F, MO);
- La Pacifica, near Cañas, Guanacaste, 28 Jul 1985, D.S.Seigler 12265 (ILL);
- La Pacifica, near Cañas, Guanacaste, 31 Jul 1985, D.S.Seigler 12294 (ILL);
- Prov. San Jose, vicinity of El General, alt. 670 m, Feb 1939, A.F.Skutch 4239 (MO);
- Cuernavaca, 14 Jan 1937, W.Trelease 153 (ILL);
EL SALVADOR:
- vicinity Atiguizaya, alt. 2000 ft., 11 Sep 1958, P.H.Allen 6907 (F);
- road near La Unión, 15 Feb 1946, M.C.Carlson 662 (F);
- along road from San Miguel to Divisadero, alt. 200 m, 15 Dec 1941, J.M.Tucker 552 (F);
- NW of Hacienda Potrero Santa, alt. 60 m, 2 Feb 1942, J.M.Tucker 879 (F, MO);
GUATEMALA:
Aguascalienta:
- Santa Rosa, 24 Jan 1908, W.A.Kellerman s.n. (F);
Baja Verapaz:
- rocky hills near and above Santa Rosa, alt. 1500 m, 4 Apr 1941, P.C.Standley 91070 (F);
Chimaltenango:
- Morazán, 31 Dec 1937, J.R.Johnston 1157 (F);
Chiquimula:
- 1.5 miles NE of Chiquimala, alt. 400 m, 21 Oct 1939, J.A.Steyermark 30105 (F);
- llanos around Ipala, alt. 900 m, 23 Oct 1939, J.A.Steyermark 30291 (F);
Escuintla:
- 6.6 miles NE of Escuintla, 31 Aug 1966, D.H.Janzen 1118 (F);
Guatemala:
- 16.2 miles NE of Guatemala City on road to Puerto Barrios, 14 May 1965, D.H.Janzen 714 (ILL);
- near Fiscal, alt. 1080-1140 m, 12 Dec 1938, P.C.Standley 59658 (F);
- Huehuetenango ca 1 mile SE of Huehuetenango road to Quetzaltenango, 21 Sep 1978, W.G.D'Arcy 12109 (ILL, MO);
- 6 miles NW of Huehuetenango, alt. 6200 ft., 30 Mar 1979, C.D.Johnson 1031-79 (MO);
- about 5 km W of Huehuetenango, alt. 1800 m, 3 Dec 1962, L.O.Williams, A.Molian R. & T.P.Williams 22311 (F);
Jalapa:
- near Guastatoya, 18 Feb 1907, W.A.Kellerman 6361 (F);
- between Jalapa and La Laguna, alt. 1400 m, 11 Nov 1940, P.C.Standley 76977 (F);
Jutiapa:
- 9 miles SW of Jutiapa, alt. 2900 ft., 19 Jun 1968, C.D.Johnson 42059 (MO);
- vicinity of Jutiapa, alt. 850 m, 24 Oct-5 Nov 1940, P.C.Standley 75309 (F);
Petén:
- La Libertad and vicinity, 6 Feb 1934, A.Aguilar H. 382 (F);
- camino San Francisco, 4 Jan 1970, R.T.Ortiz 513 (F);
Progresso:
- El Rancho, alt. 420 m, 24 Mar 1939, P.C.Standley 69008 (F);
Salama:
- Baja Verapaz, alt. 2750 ft., 2 Mar 1907, W.A.Kellerman 6358 (F);
El Salvador:
- 6 miles S of Candelaria, alt. 1900 ft., 20 Jun 1968, C.D.Johnson 152-68 (MO);
Zacapa:
- along hwy. CA12 between Chiquimula and Zacapa, alt. 270 m, 12 Feb 1987, T.B.Croat & D.P.Hannon 64703 (ILL);
- NW of Zacapa along Río San Juan, alt. 220 m, 12 Feb 1987, T.B.Croat & D.P.Hannon 64724 (ILL);
- 16 km S of Zacapa, 16 Dec 1970, W.E.Harmon & J.A.Fuentes 5257 (MO);
HONDURAS:
- Zamorano, Escuela Panamerican Agricultura, 15 Mar 1955, M.C.Carlson 3209 (F);
- 10 km SW of Santa Rosa de Copán, 19 Aug 1970, W.E.Harmon & J.D.Dwyer 4063 (MO);
- about 3 km E of Tegucigalpa, side of stream San Felipe, 11 Jan 1944, J.V.Santos 2712 (MICH);
Choluteca:
- vicinity of San Marcos de Colon, alt. 960-1150 m, 12-22 Jan 1949, P.C.Standley 15922 (F);
- vicinity of Choluteca, alt. 20 m, 31 Oct-9 Nov 1949, P.C.Standley 24507 (F);
Comayagua:
- vicinity of Siguatepeque, alt. 1080-1400 m, 14-27 Feb 1928, P.C.Standley 56037 (F);
- vicinity of Siguatepeque, alt. 1050 m, 25 Mar-5 Apr 1947, P.C.Standley & J.Chacon P. 6618 (F);
Copán:
- between Hacienda Grande and Ostuman on way to Guatemala border, alt. 700 m, 22 Nov 1969, A.Molina R. and A.R.Molina 24758 (F);
Intibuca:
- 8 km S of Jesus de Otoro, Valle de Otoro, 30 Dec 1982, C.E.Hughes 252 (MO);
La Paz:
- alrededores de Tutule, alt. 1000 m, 18 Apr 1981, M.A.Medina 225 (ILL, MO);
Morazán:
- Aldea Yaguasire, alt. 1000 m, 10 May 1981, I.Colindres 179 (ILL, MO);
- drainage of the Río Yeguare, alt. 2750, S.F.Glassman 1820 (F, ILL);
- San Antonio, alt. 1500 m, 11 Jan 1948, R.Molina R. 740 (F);
- Río Yeguare, near Elzamorana, alt. 800 m, 27 Feb 1947, P.C.Standley & A.Molina R. 4661 (F);
- San Francisco, alt. 800 m, 20 Mar 1947, L.O.Williams & A.Molina R. 12213 (F);
- Cerro Uyuca, 25 km NE de Tegucigalpa, 1 Mar 1984, J.R.C.Varela s.n. (ILL);
Olancho:
- Río Guayape, 12 km NE de Campamento, 14 Mar 1986, C.Bustillo 111 (F);
Santa Bárbara:
- on the road from Cofradia to Copán, alt. 300 m, 14 Feb 1991, D.J.Macqueen 49 (MO);
- Llano del Conejo, 1 km de Sta. Bárbara, alt. 300m, 11 Dec 1950, A.Molina R. 3690 (F);
MEXICO:
- Socorro Island, planted near arroyo, Bahía Castelan near the main landing, 10 April 1978, R.Moran 25443 (SDM);
- Socorro Island, in arroyo N of Bahía Braithwaite, 16 Apr 1987, G.A.Levin 1771 (SDM);
Baja California:
- Agua Dulce, between San Agustín and Catavina, Apr 1967, S.N.Stephenson 67-196 (SD);
Baja California Sur:
- On old mission trail SE of Comondu, alt. 310 m, 20 Apr 1955, A.Carter & R.S.Ferris 3422 (SD);
- Rancho Primera Agua, Sierra Giganta, 19 Apr 1938, H.S.Gentry 3699 (MO);
- along the coast from San Hipólito to Asunción, 11-14 Nov 1947, H.S.Gentry 7788 (RSA);
- El Mezquital, S of Volcan Tres Virgenes, alt. 400 m, 5 Mar 1964, C.F.Harbison s.n. (SD);
- Santo Tómas, alt. 150 m, 16 Oct 1971, R.Moran 18671 (SD);
- near San Pedro, alt. 350 m, 11 Mar 1966, R.Moran 12543 (SD);
- 16 km N of Loreto on hwy. 1, 17 Jun 1981, D.S.Seigler & P.M.Richardson 11741 (ILL);
- 25 km S of La Paz on hwy. 1, 19 Jun 1981, D.S.Seigler & P.M.Richardson 11768 (EIU, ILL);
Campeche:
- 3 km N of Ciudad del Carmen, 4 Sep 1958, J.D.Sauer 2445 (WIS);
Chiapas:
- near junction of Mex. hwy. 190 and road to Bochil, alt. 3500 ft., 11 Feb 1965, D.E.Breedlove 8814 (F);
- 3 miles SW of Pinola Las Rosas along road to Soyatitan, alt. 4200 ft., 27 Jul 1965, D.E.Breedlove 11368 (F);
- along dirt road between Rizo de Oro and Cerro Baúl near Colonia Rodulfo Figeroa, alt. 1300-1400 m, 15 Feb 1979, T.B.Crost 47646 (ILL);
- 10 miles N of Guatemalan border along hwy. 190, 14.3 miles N of Trinitaria, alt. 680 m, 14 Feb 1987, T.B.Croat & D.P.Hannon 64776 (ILL);
- 13 km E of Ocozocoautla on rte. 190, then N on road to Aguacera, alt. 630-700 m, 2 Oct 1984, M.J.Huft, E.Cabrera & R.Torres 2303 (ILL);
- 3-5 miles W of Ocozocoautla, 17 Jun 1968, C.D.Johnson 141-68 (MO);
- 2 km N of Ocozocautla, W of Tuxtla, 9 Jan 1984, M.Lavin & S.Sundberg 4593 (F);
- 6 km SE of Acala, alt. 1800 ft., 26 Feb 1966, R.M.Laughlin 370 (F);
- Mojarra, 27 Nov 1947, E.Matuda 17104 (F);
- Sta. Rosa, 17-18 Dec 1947, E.Matuda 17359 (F);
Chihuahua:
- N side of Barranca de Batopilas, alt. 1330-1555 m, 19 Oct 1979, R.A.Bye 9615 (CM);
- vicinity of La Bufa, alt. 1037 m, 26 Mar 1979, R.Bye, P.Kevan, M.E.Floyd, R.S.Shuster & D.Ford 9264 (CM);
- Majarachic, alt. 2070 m, Jan 1937, I.W.Knobloch 12 (F);
- Majarachic, 30 Oct 1938, I.W.Knobloch 5619 (F);
- Río Benito, Dec 1936, H.LeSueur 1170 (F);
- ca. 2 miles N of La Bufa on the road to Creel, 7 Jul 1969, O.H.Soule 601 (MO);
Coahuila:
- approx. 25 km al NW de Múzquiz, 30 Mar 1992, M.A.Carranza, J.Noriega P. & L.García 1430 (WIS);
- 4 miles N of Saltillo, 31 Dec 1964, D.H.Janzen 730 (ILL);
- 4 miles N of Saltillo, 31 Dec 1964, D.H.Janzen 731 (ILL);
- Guadelupe, 2 Oct 1958, G.N.Jones 22942 (ILL);
- Cañon del Tule, about 15 miles N of Saltillo, 14 Oct 1958, G.N.Jones 22941 (ILL);
- Rancho Babia, 18 May 1938, E.G.Marsh, Jr. 1211 (F);
- Hermanas, 20 Apr 1939, E.G.Marsh, Jr. 1604 (F);
- Río Cañon, 2.1 miles N of Cuatro Ciénegas northern limits, Cañon de la Agua, 10 Jun 1968, D.J.Pinkava, E.Lehto & D.Keil 5345 (RSA);
- at intersection of San Pedro and Matamoros branches on Mex 40, 14 Jul 1975, D.S.Seigler & G.Holstein 9229 (ILL);
- S of jct of road to Parras and Mexico 40, 14 Jul 1975, D.S.Seigler & G.Holstein 9249 (ILL);
- 77 miles S of Castaños on hwy. 57, 24 May 1983, D.Seigler, J.Kramer & E.Carreira 11982 (ILL);
- 26 miles W of Paila on hwy. 40, 25 May 1983, D.Seigler, J.Kramer & E.Carreira 11984 (ILL);
- 13 miles S of jct of hwy. 53 and hwy. 57, S of Monclova on hwy. 57, 30 May 1983, D.Seigler, J.Kramer & E.Carreira 12030 (ILL);
- 13 miles S of jct of hwy. 53 and hwy. 57, S of Monclova on hwy. 57, 30 May 1983, D.Seigler, J.Kramer & E.Carreira 12031 (ILL);
- E side of Melchor Músquiz, 31 May 1983, D.Seigler, J.Kramer & E.Carreira 12055 (ILL);
- S edge of Piedras Negras, 18 May 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11499 (ILL);
- S of Esmeralda, 27 Oct 1941, R.M.Stewart 2195 (F);
- 44 miles SW of Monterrey, 1 Dec 1945, B.H.Warnock & F.A.Barkley 14784 (F);
Colima:
- 5.5 miles N of Punta del Agua de Camotlán, alt. 350 m, 8 Feb 1982, M.W.Chase 820298 (MICH);
- Paso del Río, Nov 1906, G.M.Emrick 214 (F);
- Río El Salado-route 10, alt. 900 ft, 18 Jan 1982, J.S.Miller, D.Lorence & R.C.Trigos 248 (ILL, MO);
- 27 miles NE of Armeria on hwy 110, 23 Jul 1975, D.S.Seigler & G.Holstein 9585 (ILL);
Guanajuato:
- San Isidro Batanes, alt. 1750 m, 10 Mar 1973, J.D.Flores M. 10 (ILL, WIS);
- Mangas Cuatas, alt. 1300 m, 17 Nov 1990, E.Ventura & E.Lopez 8733 (F);
Guerrero:
- 11 miles N of El Rincón on Mexico 95, 27 May 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11551 (ILL);
- 11 miles N of El Rincón on Mexico 95, 27 May 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11552 (ILL);
Hidalgo:
- Jacala, alt. 5000 ft, 1939, V.H.Chase 7358 (F, ILL, MO);
- along hwy. 105 between Pachuca and Tampico, 31.0 miles N of Atotonilco El Grande, alt. 1950 m, 27 Feb 1987, T.B.Croat & D.P.Hannon 65829 (ILL);
- Jacala, 11 Aug 1937, M.T.Edwards 739 (F, TEX);
- 7 km al NE de Jacala, 15 Aug 1964, L.González Q. 1310 (WIS);
- along Mexico hwy. 85, 8 km SW of Jacala at km 173, alt. 1400 m, 8 Jun 1987, J.S.Miller & A.García 3033 (ILL);
- 37 miles S of Palomas on hwy. 85, 9 Jun 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11620 (ILL);
- 12 km NE de Atotonilco, 4 Apr 1987, S.Zepeda A. 36 (WIS);
Jalisco:
- 2 miles S of Jocotepec on route 15, alt. 1550 m, 26 Sep 1967, M.Harker & H.Mellowes 34 (WIS);
- ca. 22 km NW of Guadalajara, alt. 1520 m, 31 Dec 1978, H.H.Iltis, R.Guzmán M. & M.Nee 1078 (WIS);
- ca. 5 km W of Chamela, 13 Jan 1979, H.H.Iltis & M.Nee 1581 (WIS);
- 4 miles S of Jocotepec, 10 Jul 1968, C.D.Johnson 257-68 (MO);
- near the Río Grande de Santiago, Municipality Guadalajara, alt. 4200 ft., 25 Aug 1941, W.Leavenworth & M.Leavenworth 1861 (F, ILL);
- arroyo de San Lorenzo, alt. 1500 m, 23 Aug 1990, R.Lopez V. 315 (WIS);
- valley near Guadalajara, alt 5000 ft., 12 Jul 1902, C.G.Pringle 9716 (F, MO);
- km 0.4 del camino a la Est. de Microondas, Cerro de Tequila, alt. 1170 m, 8 Jan 1987, A.Rodrígues, O.Pórez & F.Richard 340 (WIS);
- 7 miles W of San Juan de los Largos on hwy. 80, 20 Jul 1975, D.S.Seigler & G.Holstein 9489 (ILL);
- 22 miles E of Mazamilla on hwy. 110, alt. 4000 ft., 24 Jul 1975, D.S.Seigler & G.Holstein 9621 (ILL);
- 4 miles SW of Tecolotlán on hwy. 80, 23 May 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11529 (ILL);
Michoacán:
- Jorullo Volcano, 3 Aug 1950, W.A.Eggler 191 (MO);
- Coahuayula, Sep 1906, G.M.Emrick s.n. (F);
- Tacupa, 13 Feb 1934, G.B.Hinton 5615 (F);
- Dist. Zitacuaro, Zitacuaro-Loma Larga, alt. 1950 m, 15 Aug 1938, G.B.Hinton 13100 (MICH);
- Carr. Los Reyes-Buenavista, a 4 km al SW de Periban de Ramos, alt. 1660 m, 23 Aug 1980, J.C.S.Nuñez & L.Cortes A. 2442 (ILL);
- 10 miles W of Sahuayo on hwy. 110, 24 Jun 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson &S.Thompson 11542 (ILL);
- 7.4 km NE of Tarimbaro on the Morelia-Zinapecuaro road, alt. 2100 m, 14 Sep 1962, D.Ugent & R.Flores C. 2042 (WIS);
Morelos:
- 3 km N of Alpuyeca, 19 Nov 1985, D.S.Seigler & J.E.Ebinger 12613 (ILL);
- La Calera, 7 km N of Alpuyeca, 19 Nov 1985, D.S.Seigler & J.E.Ebinger 12619 (ILL);
- 20 km S of Cuautla, 19 Nov 1985, D.S.Seigler & J.E.Ebinger 12628 (ILL);
- 6 miles S of Cuautla on hwy. to Oaxaca, 2 Aug 1975, D.S.Seigler & G.Holstein 9678 (ILL);
- road to Izúcar de Matamoros from Cuautla, 5 Jul 1986, D.S.Seigler & B.Maslin 12681 (ILL);
- East of Taxco, region of Cuernavaca, 22 Jan 1937, W.Trelease 128 (ILL);
Nayarit:
- 40 m N of San Blas, junct. with Mex. 15, 30 May 1966, J.S.Wilson 11164 (TEX);
Nuevo León:
- Highway 60, 18 miles W of Linares, alt. 1300 ft., 26 Mar 1964, D.Ahshapanek 313 (KSTC);
- 5 miles SE of Monterrey, 24 Feb 1936, J.T.Buchholz s.n. (ILL);
- 80 miles SE of Laredo, 12 Apr 1964, P.R.Castaño 36 (FSU);
- Oja de Agua, Sabinas Hidalgo, alt. 610 ft., 17 Jun 1939, V.H.Chase 7045 (F, ILL);
- San Francisco Canyon, alt. 1800 ft, 29 Jul 1970, L.Coutant 28 (EIU);
- Rancho Reséndez, Lampazoa, 26 Jun 1937, M.T.Edwards 377 (DS, F);
- El Penuelo, alt. 1725 m, 24 Jul 1991, G.B.Hinton 21107 (TEX);
- Monterrey, 1 Mar 1947, M.M.Lacas 230 (F);
- Monterrey, 24 Jul 1970, K.Newkirk 16 (TEX);
- along road from Rancho La Encantada to Zaragoza, 4 Jul 1988, T.F.Patterson 5926 (TEX);
- along road from Protrero Redondo to Dos Adjuntas, 10 Aug 1988, T.F.Patterson 6465 (TEX);
- Bustamante Canyon along the Río Sabinas, 13 Aug 1988, T.F.Patterson 6566 (TEX);
- 10 miles N of Montemorelos on hwy. 85, 7 Jun 1983, D.Seigler, J.Kramer & E.Carreira 12126 (ILL);
- Monterrey, cultivated, 24 Jul 1971, H.M.Parker 578 (EIU);
- Cañon de la Sierra de Bustamante, alt. 600 m, 31 May 1982, R.Sánchez Silva 167 (F);
- Huesteca Canyon, D.S.Seigler & M.Aregullin 11473 (ILL);
- 11 km NW of Allende on Mexico 85, 17 Dec 1990, D.Seigler, H.Clarke, J.Ebinger & C.Gratton 13132 (EIU, ILL);
- just E of Cadereyta on Mexico rt. 54, 16 May 1991, D.S.Seigler, J.E.Ebinger, D.H.Clarke & K.Readel 13437 (ILL);
Oaxaca:
- Tehuantepec, alt. 30 m, 24 Dec 1963, J.Cavender s.n. (WIS);
- gravel pit regeneration, 1 mi. W of Temascal, alt. 26 m, 20 Jul 1964, D.H.Janzen 364 (EIU, F);
- Chivela, 16 Apr 1910, C.R.Orcutt s.n. (F);
- 35 Miles SE of Oaxaca on hwy. 190, 3 Aug 1975, D.S.Seigler & G.Holstein 9735 (ILL);
- 7 miles SE of Tlalcolula on hwy. 190, 30 May 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11573 (ILL);
- 4 miles E of Tehuantepec on hwy. 190, 31 May 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11578 (ILL);
- Oaxaca Valley, C.L.Smith s.n. (F);
- a 3.5 kms S de Sola de Vega, alt. 1420 m, 7 Nov 1965, M.Sousa 2711 (F);
- S of Cuicatlán, 31 Jan 1971, D.E.Stone & C.R.Broome 2781 (F);
- a 2 km al S de la entrada a Bahía se Sta. Cruz, 14 Feb 1983, R.Torres C., D.Neil & F.Neil 2275 (WIS);
- km 140 de la carretera a Oax. Tehuantepec, 7 Dec 1980, R.C.Trigos & D.Lorence 451 (ILL);
- Tolosita, alt. 70 m, Jun 1937, L.Williams 9559 (F);
Puebla:
- along hwy. 190, NW of Tehuitzingo, alt. 1220 m, 24 Feb 1987, T.B.Croat & D.P.Hannon 65712 (ILL);
- Rancho Los Amates, ca 20 km SE of Izúcar de Matamoros, alt. 1150 m, 18 Feb 1965, R.McVaugh 22498 (CAS);
- 4 km al N de Axusco, alt. 1000 m, 1 Oct 1985, O.Dorado R. & A.Salinas T. F-2991 (F);
- 4 km NE of Atlixco on hwy. 190, alt. 2060 m, 20 Jul 1965, K.Roe, E.Roe & S.Mori 373 (WIS);
- 3 miles SE of Izúcar de Matamoros on hwy. 190, 2 Aug 1975, D.S.Seigler & G.Holstein 9694 (ILL);
- 1 mile S of Tepanco on hwy. 150, 6 Jun 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11616 (ILL);
Queretáro:
- La Cuesta, 3 km al S de Escanellilla, alt. 1100, 14 Dec 1983, R.Fernández N. & Acosta 2184 (NY);
- 3 miles from San Pablo on road to Toliman, 3 Jun 1991, D.Seigler, J.Ebinger, H.Clarke & K.Readel 13653 (EIU, ILL);
- 7 miles NW of Jalpán on road to Río Verde, 3 Jun 1991, D.Seigler, J.Ebinger, H.Clarke & K.Readel 13678 (EIU, ILL);
- 12 miles SSW of Ahuacatlán on MEX 120, alt. 1500 m, 16-17 Mar 1984, S.A.Thompson, J.E.Rawlins & D.J.Harvey 1317 (EIU);
San Luis Potosí:
- on hwy. 85, 0.5 miles S of Laguna del Mante, 31 Dec 1994, H.D.Clarke & K.Readel 100 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 85, 0.5 miles S of Laguna del Mante, 31 Dec 1994, H.D.Clarke & K.Readel 101 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 85, 0.5 miles S of Laguna del Mante, 31 Dec 1994, H.D.Clarke & K.Readel 102 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 85, 0.5 miles S of Laguna del Mante, 31 Dec 1994, H.D.Clarke & K.Readel 103 (EIU, ILL);
- Cd. Fernandez, 14 miles NW of Río Verde on hwy. 86 (70), alt. 1090 m, 7 Jul 1985, C.P.Cowan, M.Luckow & N.Jacobson 5447 (TEX);
- along hwy. 80, 18.7 miles W of Antiguo Morelos, alt. 200 m, 13 Jan 1987, T.B.Croat & D.P.Hannon 63042 (ILL);
- 3 miles W of El Naranjo, 27 Feb 1961, R.M.King 3970 (F);
- Charcas, Jul-Aug 1934, C.L.Lundell 5190 (F);
- 10.4 miles W of turn off to Villa del Reyes, 8 Sep 1984, D.S.Seigler, D.L.Nickrent & S.Berlocker 12193 (ILL);
- 18 miles NE of San Luis Potosí on hwy. 57-80, 20 May 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11519 (ILL);
- 26 miles S of Cd. Valles on hwy. 85, 9 Jun 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11622 (ILL);
Sinaloa:
- Masatlán, alt. 10 m, May 1951, J.Gonzalez O. 6766 (F);
- 7.5 miles NE of Villa Unión on road between Mazatlán and Durango, 2 Jan 1965, D.H.Janzen 708 (ILL);
- 7.5 miles NE of Villa Unión on road between Mazatlán and Durango, 2 Jan 1965, D.H.Janzen 709 (ILL);
- 8.8 miles N of Cd. Victoria on hwy. 85, 1 Jan 1965, D.H.Janzen 728 (ILL);
- 38 miles S of Culiacán, 25 Feb 1973, C.D.Johnson 198-73 (MO);
- 7 km N of Mazatlán on hwy. 15, 13 Jun 1981, D.S.Seigler & P.M.Richardson 11673 (ILL);
- 118 km N of Culiacán on hwy. 15, 13 Jun 1981, D.S.Seigler & P.M.Richardson 11683 (ILL);
- 4 km N of Topolobampo in saline area, 14 Jun 1981, D.S.Seigler & P.M.Richardson 11689 (ILL);
- 9 km N of Rosario on hwy. 15, 24 Jun 1981, D.S.Seigler & P.M.Richardson 11791 (ILL);
- 2 km N of Sinaloa-Nyarit border on hwy. 25, 13 Jun 1981, D.S.Seigler & P.M.Richardson 11804 (ILL);
Sonora:
- 6.5 Miles N of road to Bahía San Carlos about 10 miles N of Guaymas, alt. 200 ft., 27 Jan 1962, D.E.Breedlove 1471 (RSA, UCSB);
- Nacapuli Canyon, NE of "Tetas de Cabra" Mtn., 12 Jan 1982, T.F.Daniel 1985 (ASU);
- Guaymas, 9 Feb 1940, E.Y.Dawson 1079 (RSA);
- Baviacora, 16 Nov 1939, F.Drouet, D.Richards & W.A.Lockhart 3615 (F);
- Mpio. Huatabampo, Cerrillos vicinity, alt. 60 m, 7 Aug 1995, S.L.Friedman, O.Kiser & S.Meyer 260-95 (ASU);
- about 75 km N of Hermosillo on hwy. 15, 15 Jul 1971, A.C.Gibson & L.C.Gibson 2029 (RSA, TEX);
- vicinity of Libertad, 4 May 1928, E.H.Graham 3920 (CM);
- 12 Miles NW of Obregón, 15 Jul 1968, C.D.Johnson 341-68 (MO);
- Guaymas, 25 Jan 1927, M.E.Jones 23084 (F, RSA) (a mixed collection with A. campechiana) between El Sauz and Nacori Chico, 960-980 m, 7 Feb 1991, E.Joyal 1530 (TEX);
- Rancho El Palmar, 20 km E of Onavas, alt. 700 m, 28 May 1991, E.Joyal 1629 (TEX);
- 36 miles N of Hermosillo on hwy. 15, alt. 520 m, 23 May 1987, B.A.Prigge & D.Verity 7355 (RSA);
- by streams near Altar, 23 Mar 1884, C.G.Pringle 1278 (CM, F, MINN);
- Onavas, edge of Río Yaqui at pump, alt. 200 m, 14 Oct 1986, A.M.Rea & G.A.Levin 1272 (SD) 127 km S of Cd. Obregón on hwy. 15, 14 Jun 1981, D.S.Seigler & P.M.Richardson 11696 (EIU, ILL);
- west edge of Cd. Obregón, 14 Jun 1981, D.S.Seigler & P.M.Richardson 11698 (EIU, ILL);
- 11 miles NE of Colorado, between Colorado and Mazatlán, 6 Sep 1941, I.L.Wiggins & R.C.Rollins 337 (RSA);
- 21 miles SE of Moctezuma, 25 Sep 1934, F.Shreve 6762 (MO);
Tabasco:
- Boca Cerra, Tenosique, 1-5 Jul 1939, E.Matuda 3587 (F);
Tamaulipas:
- 2 miles N of Santa Teresa, hwy. 101, 22 Mar 1964, D.Ahshapanek 117 (TEX);
- 29 miles S of Tropic of Cancer, alt. 1600 ft., 23 Mar 1964, D.Ahshapanek 150 (TEX);
- Aldama, alt. 50 m, 1 Mar 1976, M.Cházaro B. 479 (ILL);
- on hwy. 101, 10 miles NE of Ciudad Victoria, 1 Jan 1995, H.D.Clarke & K.Readel 105 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 101, 10 miles NE of Ciudad Victoria, 1 Jan 1995, H.D.Clarke & K.Readel 109 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 101, 10 miles NE of Ciudad Victoria, 1 Jan 1995, H.D.Clarke & K.Readel 110 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 101, 10 miles NE of Ciudad Victoria, 1 Jan 1995, H.D.Clarke & K.Readel 112 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 101, 10 miles NE of Ciudad Victoria, 1 Jan 1995, H.D.Clarke & K.Readel 115 (EIU, ILL);
- on hwy. 101, 10 miles NE of Ciudad Victoria, 1 Jan 1995, H.D.Clarke & K.Readel 116 (EIU, ILL);
- 8.8 miles N of Cd. Victoria on hwy. 85, 1 Jan 1965, D.H.Janzen 729 (ILL);
- Rancho Calabazas on the Río Sabinas, across from the village of Azteca, alt. 300 ft., 30 Mar-2 Apr 1975, N.A.Harrison 10727 (F);
- on road to Tula, 5-6 miles NW of Ocampo, 25 Feb 1961, R.M.King 3926 (F);
- 2 miles NE of Altamira, 3 Mar 1961, R.M.King 4052 (F);
- San José, 20 Feb 1939, H.LeSueur 175 (F);
- vicinity of Tampico, alt. 15 m, 1-31 Jan 1910, E.Palmer 20 (CAS);
- 19 miles from Tampico on hwy. 80, 7 Jun 1983, D.Seigler, J.Kramer & E.Carreira 12105 (ILL);
- 33 miles N of Cd. Mante, 10 Jun 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11628 (ILL);
- 1 mile S of Tres Palos on hwy. 101-180, 10 Jun 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11631 (ILL);
- 68 miles N of San Fernándo on hwy. 101-180, 10 Jun 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11634 (ILL);
- bluff above Río Soto la Marina, across from town of Soto la Marina, ca. 78 miles E of Ciudad Victoria, 26 May 1971, D.B.Ward 7758 (FLAS);
- Jardín, 4 miles S of N. Laredo, 29 Feb 1964, E.Villanueva 31 (FSU);
- Ejido de La Libertad, Libertad Canyon, ca 6 km NW of Cd. Victoria;
- 17 Mar 1991, M.A.Vincent, T.G.Lammers & M.Stonecypher 4443 (ILL);
Veracruz:
- Emiliano Zapata, alt. 400 m, 14 Feb 1976, J.I.Calzada 2191 (F);
- Pobaldo de Tlacolula, alt. 270 m, 26 Feb 1980, J.I.Calzada 5846 (F);
- Camino La Laja-Ozuluama, 14 Aug 1970, F.Chiang 101 (F);
- along hwy. 180 between Tampico and Pozarica, 12 miles N of Ozuluama, alt. 110 m, 5 Jun 1987, T.B.Croat 66112 (ILL);
- Salina, 21 Dec 1898, C.A.Deam s.n. (F);
- Orillas de la Laguna de la Mancha, Actopán, alt. 0-5 m, 4 Dec 1975, J.Dorantes 5348 (F);
- Presa Paso de Piedras, a 7.5 km al NW de la Cortina, alt. 50 m, 6 Jul 1978, J.M.Gallardo & J.Huesca 2 (F);
- Mun. Puente Nacional, km 394 on Jalapa-Veracruz hwy., between Rinconada and Puente Nacional, 13 Feb 1943, C.L.Gilly,Sr., R.F.Simpson & D.Dodds 89 (MICH);
- La Purga, 27 Jan 1906, J.M.Greenman 229 (F);
- La Purga, 27 Jan 1906, J.M.Greenman 233 (F);
- roadside, La Granja, alt. 20 m, 23 May 1964, D.H.Janzen 367 (EIU);
- Lag. Tamiahua, 25 miles S Tampico, 2 Mar 1939, H.LeSueur 177 (F);
- a 12 km de Nautla, alt. 20 m, 12 Apr 1970, A.Lot 832 (F);
- Ejido Palmas, Cuiata, 16 Dec 1966, G.Martínez C. 1219 (F);
- 4 km SE of Ozuluama, alt. 100 m, 18 Jan 1981, M.Nee 20043 (F);
- 5 km E of Ebano, alt. 50 m, 4 Jan 1981, M.Nee, A.Lasseigne & G.Schatz 19463 (F);
- 0.6 miles E of Miradores on hwy. 140, 18 Nov 1985, D.S.Seigler & J.E.Ebinger 12479 (ILL);
- 0.6 miles E of Miradores on hwy. 140, 18 Nov 1985, D.S.Seigler & J.E.Ebinger 12496 (ILL);
- pasture 38 miles S of Tampico on road to Tuxpán, 18 May 1991, D.Seigler, J.Ebinger, H.Clarke & K.Readel 13498 (EIU, ILL);
- 3 miles E of the Puebla-Veracruz border on hwy. 150, 7 Jun 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11615 (ILL);
- Carreterra Xalapa-Veracruz, Cerca de Cerro Gordo, 29 Jan 1976, R.Torres C. 3 (F);
- 3 km al E de Tuzamapa, Coatepec, 3 Nov 1975, M.Vázquez 2159 (F);
- a 1 km de El Limón, alt. 450 m, 6 Mar 1979, G.Williams 26 (F);
Yucatán:
- G.F.Gaumer 1010 (F);
- Calakmul, G.F.Gaumer 2135 (F);
- Calakmul, G.F.Gaumer 2418 (F, MO);
- 1896, P.Váldez 4 (F);
Zacatecas:
- 8 miles SW of Jalapa on hwy. 54, 22 May 1980, D.S.Seigler, P.M.Richardson & S.Thompson 11526 (ILL);
- 100 m W of Zacatecas on M 41 hwy., 29 May 1966, J.S.Wilson 11023 (TEX);
NICARAGUA:
Boaco:
- ca 10 km SW de Camoapa, alt. 350 m, 8 Feb. 1983, A.Grijalva & W.Robleto 2298 (MO);
- route 7, Potrerillos, F.S.Seymour 2355 (F);
Carazo:
- area de la Estación Biologica de Chococentro, alt. 0-100 m, 4 Feb 1984, A.Grijalva & N.Almanza 3558 (MO);
Chinandega:
- vicinity of Chichigalpa, alt. 90 m, 12-18 Jul 1947, P.C.Standley 11357 (F);
Chontales:
- vicinity of Juigalpa, alt. 160 m, 4-13 Jun 1947, P.C.Standley 9205 (F);
- 15 km on carretera Panamericana Norte, between Managua and Tipitapa, alt. 45-50m, 1 Feb 1978, P.C.Vincelli 122 (MO);
Estelí:
- on hwy. N of Esteli, 14 Jan 1981, W.Hahn 402 (MO);
- entre San Juan de Limay y Pueblo Nuevo, alt. 550-600 m, 5 Sep 1980, P.Moreno 2427 (MO);
- Sabana Larga, alt. 1060 m, 13 Apr 1981, P.Moreno 8111 (MO);
Grande:
- Lake Nicaragua, 24 Dec 1968, D.A.Dudey 1099 (F, MO);
- Ciudad Granada, alt. 40-50 m, 25 May 1981, M.Guzmán & D.Castro 1874 (MO);
- Laguna de Apoyo, alt. 80 m, 27 Apr 1980, P.P.Moreno 50 (MO);
Jinotega:
- vicinity of Jinotega, alt. 1030-1300 m, 19 Jun-9 Jul 1947, P.C.Standley 9676 (F);
- camino viejo a Jinotega aprox. 6 km del empalme con la carretera a Matagalpa, alt. 820 m, S.Vega & W.Robleto 84 (MO);
León:
- municipio Santa Rosa del Peñon, 11 Sep 1980, P.Moreno 2518 (MO);
- municipio Santa Rosa del Peñon, 17 Aug 1981, P.Moreno 10455 (MO);
- San Nicolas, alt. 1200 m, 12 Jan 1984, P.P.Moreno 22704 (MO);
Managua:
- Managua, 24 Sep 1927, D.Cháves 307 (F);
- Municipio San Francisco Libre, 1 km antes de llegar al poblado, alt. 50 m, 21 Oct 1980, P.P.Moreno 3888 (MO);
Masaya:
- Laguna de Apoyo costado Este, alt. 100 m, 24 Oct 1980, P.P.Moreno 3935 (MO);
Matagalpa:
- "Laguna Tecomapa", alt. 420 m, 27 Feb 1981, P.Moreno 7371 (MO);
- 6.5 km al S de Ciudad Dario, Soledad, alt. 600 m, 26 Nov 1984, P.P.Moreno 25093 (CM);
- Rte 1, S of Dario, Calabazas, 25 Dec 1969, alt. 200-500 m, F.C.Seymour & J.T.Atwood 2584 (F, FLAS);
- 5-10 miles W of Matagalpa, alt. 600-700 m, 13 Jan 1963, L.O.Williams, A.Molia R. & T.P.Williams 23782 (F);
Rivas:
- 1 mile NW of Peña Blancas, 9 May 1965, D.H.Janzen 779 (ILL);
Zelaya:
- Bluefields, 21 Mar 1948, L.E.Long 129 (F);
- Región de la Cruz, Río Grande, alt. 0-15 m, 24 Apr 1949, A.Molian R. 2359 (F);
- Bluefields, sea level, 21 April-23 May 1949, P.C.Standley 20004 (F);
PANAMA:
Canal Zone:
- Government forest along Las Cruces Trail, alt. 75 m, 25 Feb 1935, A.A.Hunter & P.H.Allen 682 (MO);
Coclé:
- La Loma de El Roble near Río Santa Maria, alt. 10-25 m, 28 Jan 1971, S.McDaniel & R.G.Cooke 14866 (FLAS, FSU, MO);
Los Santos:
- Las Tablas, Jul 1961, J.D.Dwyer 1102A (F);
- Pocri, Jul 1961, J.D.Dwyer 1116 (MO);
- La Honda, alt. 0-5 m, 21 Nov 1966, S.McDaniel 8067 (FLAS, MO);
- Monagre Beach, 5 miles SE of Chitre, 22 Jan 1966, E.L.Tyson, J.Dwyer & K.Blum 3040 (MO);
Panamá:
- Camino hacia los Cocobolos, Chorrera, 20 Nov 1971, V.Aguilera R. 12 (MO);
- Via Tocumen, 11 Apr 1986, L.Carrasquilla 2181 (MO);
- Villalobos, 20 Oct 1973, A.Herrera 20 (MO);
- Tumba Muerto Road, near Panama, 6 Jan 1924, P.C.Standley 29833 (MO);
- Juan Diaz, 1 Nov 1973, C.G.Vergars 20 (MO);
ARGENTINA:
Misiones:
- Dep. Iguazú, Pargue Nacional Iguazu, 9 Aug 1991, P.Vanni, S.Ferrucci, M.G.López & S.Chiquizola 2862 (F);
BOLIVIA:
La Paz:
- Buena-Vista Tacana, 14 Aug 1996, G.Bourdy 1802 (MO);
- Guanai, alt. 2,000 ft., May 1886, H.H.Rusby 2371 (F, NY, US). Yungas, alt. 6,000 ft., H.H.Rusby 2372 (US);
- Songo, Nov 1890, N.L.Britton & H.H.Rusby 864 (G, MINN);
BRAZIL:
Bahía:
- 5 miles N of Tabocas, alt. 500 m, 1 May 1980, R.M.Harley 21973 (NY);
- Municipio de Una, Povoado de Comandatuba, a 17 km ão Sul de Una, 23 Jul 1981, L.A.Mattos Silva, J.L.Hage & E.B. dos Santos 1366 (G);
- Municipio de Tucano, Distrito de Caldas do Jorro, caatinga, 1 Mar 1992, A.M. de Carvalho & D.J.N.Hind 3857 (MO, US);
- 229 km de Brasilia para Fortaleza, alt. 440 m, 2 Jul 1964, J.M.Pires 58109 (US);
- estrada que liga Caldas do Jorro ao Rio Itapicuru, caatinga, Municipio de Tucano, Distrito de Caldas do Jorro, 1 Mar 1992, de Carvalho & Hind 3857 (MO);
- Rodovia Brasilia-Fortaleza, entre o rio Corrente e Sta. Maria, 4 Jul 1964, J.M.Pires 58153 (NY);
Ceará:
- entre Crato e Sitio Romualdo, 21 Jul 1964, A.Castellanos 3976 (F);
- Trapia, Municipio de Maranguape, 1 Nov 1935, F.Drouet 2655 (F);
- Humayta, 1 Jul 1908, A.Duke 997 (G);
Federal:
- Jardín do Horto Florestal, 19 May 1936, C.Almeidre 82190 (F);
- Campus da UnB, 8 Feb 1983, R.C.Cristo 19 (NY);
- 30 km NE of Brasilia, alt. 950 m, 15 May 1966, H.S.Irwin, J.W.Grear, Jr., R.Souza & R.Reis dos Santos 15870 (F, MO, US);
- near Brasilia, alt. 700-1000 m, 5 Sep 1964, I.W.Irwin & T.R.Soderstrom 6007 (F, MO, US);
- Campus da UnB, Brasilia, 22 Feb 1983, P.A.Wolff 10 (NY);
Goias:
- Lagoinha, Campo Grande, 6 Sep 1936, W.A.Archer & A.Gehrt 125 (NY);
- Municipo Formosa, Rodovia Brasilia, 14 Jun 1983, L.Coradin et al. 5680 (NY);
- Orixalandia, 20 Jun 1986, G.Hatschbach 50786 (MO, MU, US);
- Mambai, arredores, 13 Mar 1979, G.Hatschbach 42137 (MO, MU);
- 2 km N of Barra do Garcas, 1 Mar 1968, D.Philcox & A.Fereira 4455 (NY);
Maranhao:
- Caxias, 30 Jun 1907, A.Ducke 736 (G);
Mato Grosso:
- Lagoinha, Campo Grande, 6 Sep 1936, W.Archer & A.Gehrt 125 (US);
- Bodoguema, 13 May 1976, G.Hatschbach 38647 (NY, US);
- Corumba, Aug 1892, O.Kuntze s.n. (MO);
- Pantanal, Jun 1979, G.T.Prance & G.B.Schaller s.n. (NY);
Minas Gerais:
- 5-10 km L de Itaobim, 16 Jul 1988, G.Hatschbach, M.Hatschback & J.M.Silva 52186 (MO, US);
- Fazenda do Diamante, Corinto, alt. 590 m, 7 Apr 1931, Y.Mexia 5556 (F, MO, US);
Para:
- Belem, terreno do Hospital da Aeronautica, 18 Dec 1956, E.de Oliveira s.n. (SI);
Pernambuco:
- 1838, M.Gardner s.n. (G);
- Pauliata, Perto de Igreja de Maranguape, 18 Nov 1961, S.Tavares 843 (US);
COLOMBIA:
Antioquia:
- Medellín, alt 1500 m, 15 Dec 1930, W.A.Archer 875 (NY, US);
- en bosques esparcidos en los alrededores de Antioquia, alt. 550 m, 25 Oct 1947, F.A.Barkley, M.J.Klevens & G.Gutíerrez V. 17C369 (US);
- en bosques esparcidos en los alrededores de Antioquia, alt. 500 m, 25 Oct 1947, F.A.Barkley, M.J.Klevens & G.Gutíerrez V. 17C396 (US);
- 87-92 km NE de Medellín, alt. 400-600 m, 18 May 1990, R.Callejas & F.J.Roldan 9466 (CM);
- Oeste de Medellín, alt. 1600 m, 8 Dec 1948, J.A.Molina & F.A.Barkley 387 (UC);
- 63 km NW of Medellín, alt. 660 m, 25 Oct 1983, C.D.Johnson 3096 (MO);
Bolívar:
- La Popa, near Cartagena, alt. 50-175 m, 2 Nov 1926, E.P.Killip & A.C.Smith 14047 (NY);
Boyaca:
- Soata, alt. 2130 m, 6 Sep 1938, J.Cuatrecasas 1047 (US);
Cauca:
- Carretera Pasto-Popayan, entre Mojarras y el Rio Patia, alt. 500 m, 27 Oct 1962, L.E.Mora 2437 (US);
Cundinamarca:
- Girardot, Isla Del Sol, 10-15 Jan 1972, H.Garcia-Barriga 20323 (US);
- 1 km E of Boquerón, alt. 1700 ft., 15 Aug 1984, C.D.Johnson 3460-84 (MO);
- 1 km E of Boquerón, alt. 1700 ft., 15 Aug 1984, C.D.Johnson 3461-84 (MO);
- 1 km NE of Anapoima, alt. 2400 ft., 17 Oct 1984, C.D.Johnson 3536-84 (MO);
Huila:
- 11 km S of Gigante, alt. 900 m, 12 Jan 1974, A.Gentry, G.Davidee & F.Llanos 9191 (MO);
- Municipio de Aipe, Verede La Cinta, 26 Oct 1985, F.Llanos H. 994 (MO);
- Municipio de Villavieja, Desierto de La Tatacoa, 5 Apr 1982, F.Sarmiento 1956 (MO);
Magdalena:
- arid plains near Sevillana, 14 Jun 1927, G.Salt s.n. (US);
Norte de Santander:
- vicinity of Cucuta, alt. 215 m, 22-23 Mar 1927, E.P.Killip & A.C.Smith 21010 (US);
Tolima:
- Chicoral, alt. 450 m, 13 Mar 1949, O.Haught 6359 (US);
Valle:
- Cordillera Occidental, Lobo Guerrero, alt. 610-650 m, 9-10 Sep 1944, J.Cuatrecasas 17798 (F, US);
- Plana del Valle, entre Zaragosa y La Victoria, alt. 950 m, 18 Nov 1946, J.Cuatrecasas 23006 (F, US);
- Municipio Tulua, Corregimiento Mateguadua, alt. 1050 m, 15 Nov 1984, W.Devia A. 834 (ILL, MO);
- Municipio Roldanillo, quebrada El Rey, alt. 1100 m, 25 Feb 1985, W.Devia A. 952 (MO);
- Armenia turnoff from Cali-Medellin hwy., just S of Zarzal, alt. 1000 m, 28 Feb 1983, A.Gentry & A.Juncosa 40915 (MO);
- Río Dagua Valley, W of Lobo Guerrero, alt. 700 m, 26 Mar 1986, A.Gentry, E.Zardini & M.Monsalve 53596 (MO);
- 14 km N of Roldanillo, 20 Aug 1983, C.D.Johnson 2565 (MO);
- Santa Elena, 7 Nov 1983, C.D.Johnson 3193 (MO);
- Buga, alt. 950 m, 5 May 1982, H.Murphy 359 (MO, US);
State not known:
- Los Llanos, Río Meta, Cubarral, alt. 180 m, 5 Nov 1938, J.Cuatrecasas 4456 (F);
ECUADOR:
Esmeraldas:
- 1.5 km S of Esmeraldas, 16 Sep 1974, J.Hudson 754 (ILL, MO);
- Tenone, alt. 5 m, 13 Feb 1949, M.A.Solia 12087 (F);
- Galápagos Islands, Isla San Cristóbal (Chatam Island):
- roadside between Puerto Baqueriso (Wreck Bay) and El Progreso, 8 Feb 1967, I.L.Wiggins & D.M.Porter 391 (CAS, GH, US). Guayas:
- Guayaquil, 15 Feb 1964, A.A.de Delgado 6 (MO, US);
- Guayaquil, 27 Jun 1964, A.A.de Delgado 43 (MO, SI);
- Guayaquil, Río Pascusles, 19 Jul 1964, A.A.de Delgado 60 (MO);
- near Pedro Carbo, alt. 100 m, 1 Jan 1940, O.Haught 3021 (US);
- San Ignacio, 19 Nov 1919, I.Holmgren 18 (G);
- Isla Puná, Agua Piedra to Puna Nueva, alt. 0 m, 14 Nov 1987, J.E.Madsen 64123 (F);
- Isla Puná, 11 Nov 1988, J.E.Madsen 84386 (MO);
Manabí:
- Jama, Cabins Punta Prieta, 9 Oct 1990, T.Delinks 410 (MO);
- 5 km S of Puerto de Cayo, alt. 35 m, 16 Apr 1982, C.E.Hughes 108 (MO);
- 5 km W of Portovelo, 31 Aug 1983, C.D.Johnson 2688 (MO);
- roadside NE out of San Isidro, 7 Jan 1990, R.C.Kennedy 1-90-3-4 (MO);
- 5 km al este de Chone, carretera hacia Santo Domingo de los Colorados, 26 Oct 1987, D.Neill & M.Asanza 7980 (NY);
State not known:
- Caraques Bay, 17 Jun 1923, H.E.Anthony & G.H.H.Tate 116 (US);
- 48 km W of Quevedo, alt. 400 ft., 24 Jun 1984, C.D.Johnson 3248-84 (MO);
FRENCH GUIANA:
- near the sea, vicinity of Cayenne, 30 Apr 1921, W.E.Broadway 75 (NY, US):
GUIANAS:
- (British Guiana) Demerara-Mahaica, Campus of the University of Guyana and surrounding fields, alt. 10 m, 15 Dec 1988, W.Hahn 4820 (US);
- Georgetown 29 Oct 1919, A.S.Hitchcock 16557 (US);
- Georgetown, 25 Jan 1955, H.S.Irwin 653 (TEX);
- East Coast, Jun 1923, A.C.Persaud 303 (F);
- Demerara-Mahaica Region, Atlantic coastline facing leper colony & hospital at mouth of Mahaica R., 2 Dec 1986, J.J.Pipoly & M.H.Ameer 9078 (CM, NY);
PARAGUAY:
Kanendiju:
- Col. Fortuna, 7 kms de Kuruguaty;
- 8 Jun 1974, P.Arenas 707 (F);
PERU:
Cajamarca:
- Mechinal, alt 600 m, 2 Feb 1996, J.Campos & D.Díaz 2338 (EIU);
Cuzco:
- Prov. Convención, Chahuares, alt. 800 m, 1 Feb 1969, R.Chávez 461 (F);
Huanuco:
- Prov. Ambo, hacienda Quicarán entre Huanuco y Ambo, alt. 2000-2100 m, 27 Sep 1954, R.Ferreyra 10398 (MO);
Junín:
- La Merced, alt. 700 m, 29 May-4 Jun 1929, E.P.Killip & A.C.Smith 23822 (F, US);
- Colonia Perene, alt. 680 m, 14-25 Jun 1929, E.P.Killip & A.C.Smith 25405 (F, US);
- La Merced, alt. 2000 ft. 10-24 Aug 1923, J.F.Macbride 5409 (F, G, US);
Loreto:
- Prov. Maynas, Punchana, 8 Jul 1974, F.Ayala 617 (MO);
- Río Usayali, alt. 150 m, 29 Jul 1929, E.P.Killip & A.C.Smith 26884 (F, US);
- Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, alt. 100 m, Dec 1929, G.Klug 677 (F, US);
- Lower Río Huallaga, Santa Rosa, alt. 155-210 m, 11 Nov 1929, L.Williams 4914 (F);
San Martín:
- Prov. Lamas, E of Tabalosos 1-2 km, alt. 1800 ft., 8-9 Sep 1937, C.M.Belshaw 3374 (F, LL, MO, NY, US);
- Prov. Lamas, near Tarapoto, alt. 200-300 m, 26 Jul 1950, R.Ferreyra 7996 (F, US);
- near Picota, Huallaga Valley, alt. 230 m, 17 Jul 1982, A.Gentry, D.Smith & R.Tredwell 37650 (MO);
- Juanjuí-Tarapoto road, 20-30 km NE of Juanjuí, alt. 400 m, 5 Feb 1984, A.Gentry & D.N.Smith 44945 (F, MO);
- Prov. San Martín, alt. 250 m, 7 Jan 1982, L.Ramíres V. 12 (MO);
- Prov. Mariscal Cáceres, Tocache Nuevo,, 3 Sep 1971, J.Schunke V. 4979 (F, G, MO, US);
- alto Río Huallaga, Río Mayo, alt. 360-900 m, 14 Dec 1929, L.Williams 6274 (F, US);
SURINAM:
- 1842, M.Berthoud-Coulon 102 (F, MO);
- March 1842, Hostmann 353 (G);
VENEZUELA:
Bolívar:
- Ciudad Bolívar and vicinity, on the Orinoco, Feb & Mar 1921, L.H.Bailey & E.Z.Bailey 1909 (US);
Federal:
- Los Roques, Gran Roque, at the foot of the mts, 10 Dec 1978, C.Burandt, Jr. & J.C.Gantaume V0465 (MO);
- vicinity of Caracas, 15 May 1923, H.Pittier 11068 (US);
Falcón:
- Dist. Miranda, El Hatillo, alt. 60 m, 21 Jul 1961, L.R.Teran 608 (MO);
Lara:
- near Hinnscaro Bajo, 6 Jan 1929, E.Pittier 13113 (G);
Mérida:
- 30 km SW of Mérida along road to San Cristóbal, alt. 1100 m, 30 Jul 1964, F.J.Breteler 4061 (G, MO, US);
Nueva Esparta:
- Isla de Margarita, Esparta, 19 May 1979, D.Seigler & J.Pereira 11261 (ILL);
Tachira:
- just S of Mulata, alt. 300 m, 13 Nov 1979, J.A.Steyermark, R.Liesner & A.Gonzalez 120233 (ILL, MO);
States not known:
- Prope coloniam, 1854-5, A.Fendler 348 (NY);