Elaphoglossum J. Sm.
Small to medium-size epiphytes or subepiphytes, rarely terrestrial or, lithophytic. Rhizome short- to long-creeping, bearing roots ventrally and fronds in 2 dorsal row, sometimes in several rows of radiallyarranged, dictyostelic with a large vental strand producing root traces and a single or several smaller dorsal strands, or radially arranged, large overlapping leafgaps with leaf-traces of several strands arranged in a ring, scales on young parts thin, narrow or broad, +/- cordate, concolorous, dark or pale, the margins bearing short teeth or hairs of 1 - several cells, often glandular. Stipes long or short, +/- terete, with 2 continuous aerophores, articulate or subarticulate to terete scaly phyllopodia, vascular bundles in a simple open ring, the 2 adaxial bundles larger, lamina simple, entire, mostly thick and leathery, the margin often thin and colourless, strongly costate, the costa prominent below, lamina variously paleate or glabresent; veins mostly immersed free, simply or mostly 1 - 2-times forked and parallel almost to the margin, terminating in a thickened hydathode, sometimes connected by an intramarginal vein at their tips, rarely copiously anastomosing; fertile fronds often longer, contracted and with longer stipes. Sporangia acrostichoid, entirely covering the lower surface of the lamina except for a thin decoloured margin, exindusiate, paraphyses lacking, annulus longitudinal, interrupted, of c.12 thickened cells. Spores monolete, brown, with a thick folded perispore.
Species in Papuasia
| 1a. | Small scales on frond (except near edge) orbicular, pale, with marginal teeth each of one thick-walled cell, not glandular; rhizome scales always narrow, rigid, dark glossy | 2 |
| Small scales on frond stellate or elongate, their marginal hairs glandular, or with a glandular apical cell, thick-walled unicellular marginal hairs lacking; rhizome scales various | 4 | |
| 2a. | Scales on upper surface conspicuously stellate; sterile fronds often to 3 cm wide | 3 |
| Scales on upper surface with very short marginal hairs; sterile fronds c.1 cm wide | E. resiniferum | |
| 3a. | Scales on lower surface mostly elongate, bullate at base; on the upper surface flat, those near the margin elongate forming a conspicuous spreading fringe | E. miniatum |
| Scales on lower surface small, orbicular, flat or cup-shaped; on the upper surface flat, c. same size as lower, those near the margin not forming a conspicuous fringe | E. heterolepium | |
| 4a. | Lamina of sterile fronds rarely over 7 cm long, rhizome 1-2 mm diam., the fronds usually well-spaced on it | 5 |
| Lamina of sterile fronds usually more than 7 cm long, rhizome thicker | 7 | |
| 5a. | Rhizome scales light brown | 6 |
| Rhizome scales dark | E. hellwigianum | |
| 6a. | Fertile lamina spatulate, abruptly contracted at the base, and then decurrent as a narrow wing c. 2 cm long; rhizome scales to 1 mm wide | E. bolanicum |
| Fertile lamina narrowly elliptic, little-decurrent; rhizome scales c.2 mm wide | E. habbemense | |
| 7a. | Rhizome long-creeping with well-spaced fronds | 8 |
| Rhizome short with closely spaced fronds | 12 | |
|
8a. |
Apex of sterile fronds acute or short-acuminate | 9 |
| Apex of sterile fronds rounded | 10 | |
| 9a. | Scales dark, glossy, 1 mm wide | E. brunneum |
| Scales thin, medium brown, 2-3 mm wide | E. angulatum | |
| 10a. | Rhizome scales light brown; scales on frond red-brown | E. pullenii |
| Rhizome scales dark brown; scales on frond dark, glossy | 11 | |
| 11a. | Rhizome scales to 5 x 1.5mm; stipe of sterile frond 4-15 cm long | E. scleropyrum |
| Rhizome scales shorter, less then 1 mm wide; stipe of sterile frond 3-5 cm long | E. repens | |
| 12a. | Lamina of sterile frond decurrent to joint with phyllopodium or to within 2 cm of joint | 13 |
| Lamina of sterile frond not thus decurrent | 21 | |
| 13a. | Edge of sterile lamina pale and thin, o.5 mm or more wide | E. latemarginatum |
| Edge of sterile lamina not conspicuously pale and thin | 14 | |
| 14a. | Sterile frond acuminate or apiculate | 15 |
| Sterile frond not apiculate not acuminate | 19 | |
| 15a. | Rhizome scales 10-15 x 3-4mm, light brown, thin; lamina widest above the middle | E. thamnopteris |
| Rhizome scales much smaller, dark; lamina widest at the middle | 16 | |
| 16a. | Sterile frond c. 22 x 2 cm | E. idenburgensis |
| Sterile frond much longer, to 4.5 cm wide | 17 | |
| 17a. | Apex of sterile frond acuminate | 18 |
| Apex of sterile frond with a broad narrow apiculus c.5 mm long | E. apiculatum | |
| 18a. | Sterile frond 35-50 x 3.5-5 cm | E. archboldii |
| Sterile frond to 35 x 2.3cm | E. angustifrons | |
| 19a. | Sterile frond widest 1/3 from the apex, narrowed rather abruptly to the broad pointed apex | E. annamense |
| Sterile frond widest about the middle, or if widest above the middle then narrowed gradually to a rounded apex | E. norrisii | |
| 20a. | Scales on rhizome dark, rigid, glossy | 20 |
| Scales on rhizome medium to light brown, mostly rather thin. | 30 | |
| 21a. | Small scales on upper surface of frond dark, glossy, elongate, with dark ridge cylindrical marginal hairs each consisting of one cell with a small thin-walled cell at its apex | 22 |
| Scales on upper surface otherwise, at least some of their marginal hairs multicellular with a glandular apical cell | 23 | |
| 22a. | Scales of lamina 1-2 mm long; fronds with a broadly rounded apex | E. apoense |
| Scales of lamina much smaller; apex of fronds not broadly rounded | E. vepriferum | |
| 23a. | Apex of sterile frond rounded | 24 |
| Apex of sterile frond acute or acuminate | 26 | |
| 24a. | Phyllopodia 5-10 mm long; lamina of sterile frond always c. 10 times as long as wide | 25 |
| Phyllopodia 15-20 mm long; lamina of sterile frond proportionately broader | E. scleropyrum | |
| 25a. | Scales on costa and stipe appressed, those on lamina very small | E. nigripes |
| Scales on costa and stipe spreading, those on lamina 1-2 mm long, abundant | E. melanochlamys | |
| 26a. | Lamina of sterile fronds c.10 times as long as wide. | 27 |
| Lamina of sterile fronds c.5 times as long as wide | 29 | |
| 27a. | Rhizome scales less then 1 mm wide, somewhat crisped; stipe of fertile frond not or little longer than that of the sterile | E. nesioticum |
| Rhizome scales more than 1m wide, flat; stipe of fertile frond usually twice as long as sterile | 28 | |
| 28a. | Sterile frond 3.5- 5.35-50 cm | E. archboldii |
| Sterile frond to c.2.3 - 35 cm | E. angustifrons | |
| 29a. | Rhizome bearing fronds 5-10 mm apart; scales 6 x 1mm; sterile lamina widest below the middle, rather abruptly contracted at the base, apex short-pointed | E. brunneum |
| Rhizome bearing fronds close together; scales 10 x 1.5mm; sterile lamina widest at the middle, base rather narrowly cuneate, apex acuminate | E. pallescens | |
| 30a. | Lower surface of lamina covered with a felt of mossy scales 2-3 mm long | E. arachnoideum |
| Lower surface of lamina bearing smaller, usually appressed scales | 31 | |
| 31a. | Fronds of adult plants widest above the middle, with rounded apices and decurrent bases | E. luzonicum |
| Fronds of adult plants, if widest above the middle, rather much narrowed upwards, the apex not broadly rounded | 32 | |
| 32a. | Sterile frond with a distinct pale edge which bears abundant scales 1-1.5 mm long, persistent in young plants, mostly lost as old ones | E. luzonicum |
| Sterile fronds without a fringe of scales | 33 | |
| 33a. | Apex of frond distinctly pointed, the point broad or acute | 34 |
| Apex of sterile frond distinctly rounded | E. pullenii | |
| 34a. | Pale margin of sterile frond thin, flat, 0.5 mm wide or nearly so | E. planicosta |
| Pale margin of sterile frond very narrow, usually reflexed | 35 | |
| 35a. | Scales to 1.5 mm wide, not flat | 36 |
| Scales wider, flat or little-crisped, edges not inrolled | 37 | |
| 36a. | Scales straight and rather stiff with inrolled edges; frond commonly 35 cm or more long, narrowly elliptic | E. callifolium |
| Scales thin, crisped throughout, with long twisted hair points; frond rarely 30 cm long, broadly elliptic | E. commutatum | |
| 37a. | Rhizome scales with many spreading marginal hairs; scales on lamina to 1 mm long, narrow | E. sordidum |
| Rhizome scales with few marginal hairs; scales on lamina stellate, under 0.5 mm long | 38 | |
| 38a. | Costa bbroad and not prominent beneath; rhizome scales firm | E. novoguineense |
| Costa prominent beneath; rhizome scales thin with isodiametric cells | E. flavigerum |
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